滨海湿地碳汇潜力研究及碳中和建议——以辽河口盐沼湿地为例  

Study on Carbon Sequestration Potential of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem and Suggestions for Carbon Neutrality:A Case Study of Salt Marsh in Liaohe Delta

作　　者：张广帅 蔡悦荫[1,2] 闫吉顺 马瑜[1,2] 宫玮 王传珺 ZHANG Guangshuai;CAI Yueyin;YAN Jishun;MA Yu;GONG Wei;WANG Chuanjun(National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Restoration,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023 [2]国家环境保护海洋生态环境整治修复重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2021年第5期18-22,共5页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：国家海洋环境监测中心博士启动基金(2019-A-03);北京市企业家环保基金会青年学者资助项目;辽宁省博士科研启动基金(2019-BS-091)。

摘　　要：充分挖掘、维持与提升滨海湿地碳汇潜力对我国2060年前实现碳中和目标具有重要的理论和现实意义。在明确滨海湿地碳汇机制的基础上,以辽河口盐沼湿地为例,分别核算了养殖圩堤附近滩涂以及退养还湿后盐沼湿地的碳储量,分析了退养还湿后盐沼湿地土壤和植被碳库的分布格局。结果显示,退养还湿后盐沼湿地0~30 cm深度土壤碳储量平均为22.04 t/hm^(2),30~60 cm深度土壤碳储量平均为18.73 t/hm^(2),土壤固碳能力从强到弱依次为翅碱蓬群落、光滩、芦苇群落;植被碳库中芦苇碳储量高达3367.17k g/hm^(2),显著高于翅碱蓬;退养还湿工程使0~30 cm深度土壤碳储量从6.6 t/hm^(2)提升到23.06 t/hm^(2)。基于辽河口盐沼湿地的研究结果,从摸清滨海湿地碳汇价值底数、恢复滨海湿地生态空间、提高滨海湿地固碳增汇技术三方面提出了助力我国实现碳中和目标的建议。Developing the carbon sequestration potential of coastal wetland ecosystem is of great theoretical and practical significance for China to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.This paper took the salt marsh in Liaohe delta as an example to measure the blue carbon storage of the tidal flat near the mariculture ponds and the restored wetland,and reveal the distribution pattern of soil carbon storage and vegetation carbon storage after restoration.The results showed that∶after restoration,the average soil carbon storage was 22.04 t/hm^(2) for 0~30 cm soil depth and 18.73 t/hm^(2) for 30~60 cm soil depth,the soil carbon sequestration capacity from strong to weak was Suaeda salsa community,bare land,Phragmitesaustralis community;The carbon storage of Phragmitesaustralis was significantly higher than that of Suaeda salsa,reaching 3367.17 kg/hm^(2);Soil carbon storage at 0~30 cm soil depth increased from 6.6 t/hm^(2) to 23.06 t/hm^(2) after returning mariculture into wetlands.Therefore,based on the research results of salt marsh in Liaohe delta,suggestions were put forward to help China achieve carbon neutrality from three aspects∶China should start the evaluation of blue carbon storage of coastal wetland ecosystem,emphasize on the restoration of coastal wetland ecological space,and improve blue carbon sequestration technologies for coastal wetland ecosystem.

关 键 词：滨海湿地 蓝色碳汇 盐沼 辽河口 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]