利用RAPD分子标记快速鉴定3个奇楠种质  

Rapid identification of 3 Chi-Nan germplasms by RAPD molecular Markers

作　　者：吕菲菲[1] 刘培卫 纪宏亮 张玉秀[1] 康勇 杨云[1] 魏建和[1,2] LÜFeifei;LIU Peiwei;JI Hongliang;ZHANG Yuxiu;KANG Yong;YANG Yun;WEI Jianhe(Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine&Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Agarwood Sustainable Utilization,Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Haikou 570311,Hainan,China;Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine,Ministry of Education&National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials,Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院&北京协和医学院药用植物研究所海南分所,海南省南药资源保护与开发重点实验室&国家中医药管理局沉香可持续利用重点研究室,海南海口570311 [2]中国医学科学院&北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,中草药物质基础与资源利用教育部重点实验室&濒危药材繁育国家工程实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《生物资源》2021年第4期388-394,共7页Biotic Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1706400);中央高校基本科研业务费(3332019086);国家现代农业产业技术体系;海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2020163)。

摘　　要：利用随机扩增多态性DNA(random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD)分子标记技术,分析3个奇楠种质(ChiNan germplasm)亲缘关系,并快速鉴定。通过提取基因组DNA,筛选适用于奇楠种质分析的RAPD引物,PCR扩增获得扩增条带,分析奇楠种质的遗传多样性,并利用人工绘制品种鉴别示意图方法(manual cultivar identification diagram,MCID)将奇楠种质区分开来。从120条RAPD分子标记引物中筛选到10条适合于奇楠种质分析的引物,利用这10条引物发现奇楠种质在物种水平上遗传多样性高,3个奇楠种质不同居群间的遗传一致性高、遗传距离小,在聚类图上各自聚为一支;根据引物S63、S18和S100扩增的多态性谱带构建奇楠种质的MCID,很好地区分了3个奇楠种质。3个奇楠种质均具有特异性强、一致性好、稳定性高的特点,RAPD分子标记技术的MCID可以有效快速地鉴定区分3个奇楠种质。Rapid identification and genetic relationship of 3 Chi-Nan germplasms were analyzed by RAPD molecular markers. The genomic DNA was extracted,RAPD primers suitable for Chi-Nan germplasm analysis were screened,the amplified bands were obtained by PCR,and the genetic diversity of Chi-Nan germplasm was analyzed. Using MCID,3 Chi-Nan germplasms were gradually and completely distinguished by RAPD primers. 10 primers were screened from 120 RAPD molecular marker primers which were suitable for analysis of Chi-Nan germplasm. It was found that the genetic diversity of Chi-Nan germplasm was high at the species level by these 10 primers. The 3 germplasms showed high genetic consistency and small genetic distance among different populations,and were clustered into one branch respectively in phylogenetic tree. The MCID of Chi-Nan germplasm was constructed according to the pleomorphic bands amplified by primers S63,S18 and S100,which could separate 3 Chi-Nan germplasms from each other. 3 Chi-Nan germplasms have the characteristics of strong specificity,good consistency and high stability. The MCID based on RAPD molecular marker is able to identify and distinguish 3 Chi-Nan germplasms efficiently and rapidly.

关 键 词：奇楠种质 随机扩增多态性DNA 人工品种识别图 鉴定 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]