老压砂地氮磷钾肥配施的西瓜产量效应  

Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Yield of Watermelon Grown in Old Gravel-Mulched Field

作　　者：王西娜[1] 白云 谭军利[2,3] 田军仓[2,3] WANG Xina;BAI Yun;TAN Junli;TIAN Juncang(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [3]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2021年第5期24-30,61,共8页Fertilizer & Health

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03090);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31860590);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(水利工程)资助项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。

摘　　要：采用三因素五水平二次回归通用旋转组合设计方法,对宁夏中部干旱带老压砂地种植的西瓜开展了氮、磷、钾肥耦合效应的田间试验,通过建立数学回归模型,分析了氮、磷、钾肥配施对西瓜产量的影响。结果表明:磷肥对西瓜产量的效应高于氮肥和钾肥的,氮、磷和磷、钾均具有较显著的交互作用;低、中氮配中、高磷,低、中钾配中、高磷时,西瓜产量较高。经模型寻优,当西瓜目标产量为9500~14000 kg/hm^(2)时,氮、磷、钾肥水平分别为104.2~117.3、96.9~104.2、171.6~187.4 kg/hm^(2);当西瓜目标产量为14000~20000 kg/hm^(2)时,氮、磷、钾肥水平分别为114.3~120.2、113.8~116.7、181.2~188.4 kg/hm^(2)。磷素是老压砂地西瓜产量的主要限制养分,配合施用氮、钾肥可显著提高西瓜产量。A field experiment on the coupling effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is carried out on watermelon grown in the old gravel-mulched field in the arid zone of central Ningxia by using quadratic regression general rotating combination design method of three factors and five levels quadratic regression.By establishing a mathematical regression model,the effect of combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on watermelon yield is analyzed.The results show that the effect of phosphate fertilizer on the yield of watermelon is higher than that of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer,and there is significant interaction between nitrogen,phosphorus and phosphorus,potassium.The watermelon yield is higher under the condition of low and medium nitrogen combined with medium and high phosphorus,or low and medium potassium combined with medium and high phosphorus.The optimization modeling shows that when the target yield of watermelon is 9500-14000 kg/hm^(2),the nitrogen fertilizer level is 104.2-117.3 kg/hm^(2),the phosphate fertilizer level is 96.9-104.2 kg/hm^(2),and the potassium fertilizer level is 171.6-187.4 kg/hm^(2);when the target yield of watermelon is at the range of 14000-20000 kg/hm^(2),the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer levels are 114.3-120.2 kg/hm^(2),113.8-116.7 kg/hm^(2),181.2-188.4 kg/hm 2,respectively.Phosphorus is the main limiting nutrient for the yield of watermelon grown in the old gravel-mulched field,combined application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers can increase the yield of watermelon significantly.

关 键 词：老压砂地 西瓜 氮磷钾肥配施 产量 回归模型 二次回归通用旋转组合设计 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]