基于2D与3D匹配模型的变压器全损耗特征计算  

Full Loss Calculation and Characteristic Analysis of Power Transformer Based on 2D and 3D Matching Model

作　　者：王荆 潘莉丽 韩彦华 江天炎[3] WANG Jing;PAN Li-li;HAN Yan-hua;JIANG Tian-yan(State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Research Institute,Xi'an Shanxi 710100,China;State Grid Xi’an Electric Power Supply Company,Xi’an Shanxi 710032,China;Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China)

机构地区：[1]国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院,陕西西安710100 [2]国网陕西电力公司西安供电公司,陕西西安710032 [3]重庆理工大学,重庆400054

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2021年第9期119-123,共5页Computer Simulation

摘　　要：变压器损耗分布和绕组形变、变压器热传递等因素有着密切联系,损耗计算是变压器绕组结构和绝缘配合设计的关键问题。随着变压器等级容量的不断提升,使用传统的经验公式或简单的数值计算方法进行损耗分析往往具有较大的偏差。依据有限元理论构建了一种基于2D与3D模型匹配的变压器损耗混合模型计算方法,在降低计算量的同时兼有计算的准确性。并以一台400 kVA的三相电力变压器为例,得到了变压器损耗分布规律:变压器内部固定夹件的杂散损耗主要分布于夹件的内侧面,并集中于靠近线圈的边缘,在油箱壁侧面、背面和底面损耗分布呈现抛物面形、"驼峰"形和"三峰值"形;高低压绕组损耗分布趋势与电流密度的分布基本吻合,整体绕组和导体内部损耗分布趋近于高压绕组之间的夹缝和绕组两端方向。The distribution of transformer loss is closely related to winding deformation, heat transfer and other factors.The calculation of transformer loss is the key problem of transformer winding structure and insulation coordination design.With the continuous improvement of transformer capacity, the traditional empirical formula or simple numerical calculation method for loss analysis often has a large deviation.According to the theory of finite element, this paper constructs a hybrid model calculation method of transformer loss based on 2 D and 3 D matching model, which reduces the calculation amount and has the accuracy of calculation at the same time.Taking a 400 kVA three-phase power transformer as an example, the distribution rule of transformer loss has been obtained: the stray loss of the fixed clamp inside the transformer is mainly distributed on the inner side of the clamp and concentrated near the edge of the coil, and the loss distribution on the side, back, and bottom of the oil tank wall presents a parabolic shape, a "hump" shape, and a "three peak" shape;the distribution trend of high and low voltage winding loss, the distribution of the current density is basically the same, and the distribution of the internal loss of the whole winding and the conductor is close to the gap between the high voltage windings and the direction of both ends of the winding.

关 键 词：变压器 有限元 绕组损耗 铁芯 杂散损耗 

分 类 号：TM411[电气工程—电器]