转基因杨树林下种植转基因棉花对转基因杨棉复合系统内节肢动物群落多样性的影响  

Effects of planting transgenic cotton beneath transgenic poplar trees on the diversity of arthropod community in the transgenic poplar-cotton composite system

作　　者：沈文静 刘来盘 方志翔 张莉 刘标 SHEN Wen-Jing;LIU Lai-Pan;FANG Zhi-Xiang;ZHANG Li;LIU Biao(Nanjing Institute of Environment Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2021年第10期1187-1195,共9页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2018ZX08020002);江苏省基础研究计划-青年基金项目(BK20200157)。

摘　　要：【目的】转Bt基因棉花和转Bt基因杨树在我国已推广使用。本研究的目的是调查和分析不同转基因杨棉复合系统内地上节肢动物群落多样性变化,为转基因杨树大规模应用提供生态安全方面的数据。【方法】2019年4-10月,在河北任丘采取欧洲黑杨Populus nigra林下种植转基因棉花Gossypium hirsutum的模式,设置转基因杨树-转基因棉花(复合生态系统1)和非转基因杨树-转基因棉花(复合生态系统2)两种杨棉复合系统,调查杨树和棉花地上部植株节肢动物种类和个体数量,比较节肢动物各功能群的物种数量和个体数量以及香农指数、优势集中性指数、均匀度指数等群落多样性指数,并测定了转基因杨树和棉花叶片Bt蛋白含量。【结果】复合生态系统1中转基因杨树和棉花各自植株上鳞翅目种群累计个体数均显著低于复合生态系统2相应植株上的个体数量。转基因杨树上叶甲类累计个体数量显著高于非转基因杨树上的,寄生蜂类累计个体数量则显著低于非转基因杨树上的。在6月5日、6月21日和9月7日的调查中,转基因杨树上的节肢动物群落香农指数显著高于非转基因杨树上的。除鳞翅目害虫外,2个复合系统中棉株上节肢动物各功能群累计个体数量无显著性差异,香农指数、优势集中性指数和均匀度指数随时间变化的趋势基本一致且同一调查时间无显著性差异,仅在8月17调查中复合生态系统1中棉株上节肢动物香农指数显著高于复合生态系统2棉株上的。将杨树和棉花上节肢动物各类群累计数量相加作为系统整体,复合生态系统1和复合生态系统2在香农指数、优势集中性指数和均匀度指数数值上无显著差异。在调查后期,2个复合系统中节肢动物种群均向杨树叶片聚集。转基因棉花叶片Bt蛋白含量在各调查期均显著高于转基因杨树叶片的。【结论】转基因杨树对靶标害虫种群【Aim】The transgenic Bt cotton and poplar have been widely used in China.The aim of this study is to investigate and analyze the composition and diversity of the above-ground arthropod community in the transgenic poplar-cotton composite system,so as to provide basic data for the application of transgenic poplar.【Methods】Two poplar-cotton composite systems,transgenic poplar-transgenic cotton(composite system 1)and non-transgenic poplar-transgenic cotton(composite system 2),were constructed at a farmland in Renqiu City of Hebei Province,North China.The transgenic cotton(Gossypium hirsutu)plants were planted under the newly planted poplar(Populus nigra).The composition(the species and number of individuals)and diversity indexes(Shannon-Wiener index,dominance concentration index and Pielou index)of arthropod community on polar and cotton plants in the two poplar-cotton composite systems were investigated from April to October in 2019.The dynamics of Bt insecticidal protein content in leaves of transgenic poplar and cotton was also detected.【Results】The numbers of individuals of lepidopteran pests both on transgenic poplar and cotton plants in composite system 1 were significantly lower than those on the corresponding plants in composite system 2.The number of individuals of leaf beetles on transgenic poplars was significantly higher than that on non-transgenic poplars,while the number of individuals of parasitic wasps on transgenic poplars was significantly lower than that on non-transgenic poplars.The Shannon-Wiener index of the arthropod community on transgenic poplars was significantly higher than that on non-transgenic poplars on June 5,June 21,and September 7.The numbers of various functional groups of arthropod communities except Lepidoptera on cotton plants in the two composite systems had no significant difference.The Shannon-Wiener index,dominance concentration index and evenness index of arthropod community on cotton plants in the two composite systems had the similar dynamic trend,and showed no

关 键 词：杨树 棉花 林下种植 转基因植物 杨棉复合系统 节肢动物群落 生物多样性 BT杀虫蛋白 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]