航空航天复杂构件的精密塑性体积成形技术  

Precision plastic volume forming technology for aerospace complex components

作　　者：宗影影[1] 王琪伟 袁林 徐文臣[1] 单德彬[1] Zong Yingying;Wang Qiwei;Yuan Lin;Xu Wenchen;Shan Debin(National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《锻压技术》2021年第9期1-15,共15页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974099)。

摘　　要：综述了航空航天复杂构件的等温锻造、局部加载和多向模锻3种精密塑性体积成形技术。对等温锻造技术,重点介绍了其应用范围与3个主要的研究方向(坯料设计、工艺参数设计与模具结构设计);对局部加载技术,着重论述了其变形特点以及不连续局部加载的3种实施方式(简单冲头式、垫板式和分模式),并结合实例介绍了连续局部加载的3种成形方法(内壁带筋的薄壁圆环径向包络成形、涡轮盘辊轧成形和网格筋板构件辊轧成形);对多向模锻技术,简要阐述了典型三通件多向模锻成形的研究现状,以及多向模锻技术的应用情况。最后,对这些技术未来朝着尺寸更大、形状更复杂、更难变形材料、更高成形精度以及更多领域的方向发展进行了展望。Three kinds of precision plastic volume forming technologies,isothermal forging,local loading and multi-directional die forging of aerospace complex components were reviewed,and for the isothermal forging technology,its application scope and three main research directions(blank design,process parameters design and mold structure design)were emphatically introduced.Then,for the local loading technology,the deformation characteristics and three implementation methods of discontinuous local loading(simple punch type,backup plate type and separate die type)were emphatically discussed,and three forming methods of continuous local loading(radial envelope forming of thin-walled cylindrical ring with ribs on inner wall,rolling of turbine disk and rolling of grid stiffened plate components)were introduced by combining with examples.Furthermore,for the multi-direction die forging technology,the research status of multi-directional die forging of typical tee part and the application situation of multi-directional die forging technology were briefly described.Finally,the future development of these technologies towards larger size,more complex shape,more difficult-to-form materials,higher forming precision and broader fields was prospected.

关 键 词：航空航天复杂构件 精密塑性体积成形 等温锻造 局部加载 多向模锻 

分 类 号：TG316[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]