高筋极薄壁铝合金锻件精密成形工艺及模具技术  

Precision forming process and mold technology on high-rib and ultra-thin-walled aluminum alloy forgings

作　　者：李世山 周杰[1] 甘玉平 王秋韵 夏玉峰[1] 卢顺 吴道祥 Li Shishan;Zhou Jie;Gan Yuping;Wang Qiuyun;Xia Yufeng;Lu shun;Wu Daoxiang(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Chongqing Jiepin Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401329,China;Southwest Aluminum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401326,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400044 [2]重庆杰品科技股份有限公司,重庆401329 [3]西南铝业(集团)有限责任公司,重庆401326

出　　处：《锻压技术》2021年第9期299-307,共9页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51775068);大型复杂航空模锻件全流程绿色制造工艺创新及应用(2018272106);重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYB20004)。

摘　　要：针对T形高筋极薄壁铝合金构件,如飞机窗框构件,由于对成形质量、金属流线及尺寸精度要求高而导致精密模锻成形极易出现充填不满、折叠及流线不连贯等缺陷问题,提出沿锻件中心连皮及筋顶纵向两个方向对金属进行双向分流成形,利用内飞边、筋顶余量及阻力墙结构实现金属合理双向分流以满足锻件产品的质量要求。针对锻件拔模斜度小而导致的成形后脱模困难的问题,发明了一种采用内模进行整体脱模的特殊组合模具。结合数值模拟及工艺试验,对坯料形状和尺寸、成形工艺及模具进行进一步优化,并利用三维扫描对锻件形状和尺寸进行检测。结果表明:采用双向分流法及组合模具结构可有效避免锻件折叠、充不满、流线紊乱及脱模变形等问题,实现了高筋极薄壁铝合金精密框件的合格生产。For T-shaped high-rib and ultra-thin-walled aluminum alloy components,such as aircraft window frame components,due to high requirements on forming quality,metal streamlines and dimensional accuracy,the precision die forging is prone to defects such as insufficient filling,folding and inconsistent streamlines.Therefore,a method of bidirectional shunt forming of metal along the center skin of forgings and the vertical and horizontal directions of rib top was proposed,which used internal flash,margin of rib top and resistance wall structure to achieve a reasonable bidirectional shunt to meet the quality requirements of forgings,and aiming at the difficulty of demolding after forming caused by the small draft angle of forgings,a special combined mold using an inner mold for integral demolding was invented.Furthermore,the shape and sizes of blank,the forming process and the mold were optimized further by combining with numerical simulation and process test,and the shape and sizes of the forgings were checked by the three-dimensional scanning.The results show that using the bidirectional shunt method and the combined mold structure can effectively avoid problems such as folding,insufficient filling,streamline disorder and demolding deformation of forgings,and the qualified production of high-rib and ultra-thin-walled aluminum alloy precision frame part is realized.

关 键 词：铝合金锻件 精密模锻成形 双向分流 组合模具 阻力墙 

分 类 号：TG319[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]