《民法典》离婚救济制度的体系化阐释  

The Systematic Explanation of the Divorce Relief System in Civil Code

作　　者：冉克平[1] Ran Keping(Law School of Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430000)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《政法论丛》2021年第5期25-35,共11页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“研究阐释党的十九届五中全会精神”(21AZD030)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：《民法典》规定的离婚救济体系包含离婚家务贡献补偿、离婚经济帮助以及离婚损害赔偿制度,是对家务特殊贡献者、离婚生活困难者以及维护家庭团体和睦的受害者的矫正和补偿,从另一角度增强家庭共同体的凝聚力以及弘扬家庭美德。离婚救济制度的体系化阐释应保持内部体系与外部体系的调和。配偶一方在家务中贡献较多,从而使另一方的人力资本得以提升但尚未取得预期收益的,可以纳入家务贡献补偿;为适应社会的发展进步,应当适当扩大离婚经济补偿的范围并增加抗辩事由;离婚损害赔偿实质是债务不履行责任,系无过错方对于因离婚所导致的婚姻关系圆满期待利益的落空。为了避免重复评价,离婚损害赔偿与夫妻共同财产分割照顾无过错方原则应当选择适用。The divorce relief system stipulated in the Civil Code includes compensation for divorce housework contributions,financial assistance for divorce,and compensation for divorce damages.It is a correction and compensation system for special contributors to housework,those who have difficulty living in divorce,and victims who maintain the harmony of family groups.From one perspective,it enhances the cohesion of the family community and promotes family virtues.The systematic interpretation of the divorce relief system should maintain the reconciliation of the internal system and the external system.If one spouse contributes more to the housework,so that the human capital of the other spouse can be improved but has not yet achieved the expected benefits,it can be included in the housework contribution compensation;in order to adapt to the development and progress of the society,the scope of divorce economic compensation should be appropriately expanded and the defenses should be increased The essence of compensation for divorce damages is the failure of the debt to fulfill the responsibility,which is the failure of the non-faulty party to fully expect the benefits of the marriage relationship caused by the divorce.In order to avoid repeated evaluations,the principle of compensation for divorce damages and joint property division of husband and wife should be selected and applied.

关 键 词：离婚救济体系 家务贡献补偿 离婚经济帮助 离婚损害赔偿 体系化 

分 类 号：DF551[政治法律—民商法学]