湖北民间土陶中“读书入仕”主题的现象研究——以“十八学士”和“状元打马游街”为例  

Research on the Phenomenon of Themed “Attend Schools to Become Officials” in Hubei Folk Earthenware—— A Case Study of “Eighteen Scholars” and “The Best Scholar on the Horse Parade”

作　　者：吕枫韵[1] 颜学森 王婧怡 LYU Fengyun;YAN Xuesen;WANG Jingyi(Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国陶瓷》2021年第9期116-123,共8页China Ceramics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金艺术学(项目号18BG136)。

摘　　要：以汉川马口窑、蕲春管窑和麻城蔡家山窑为代表的湖北民间陶器自明清以来一直是影响周边多个省市百姓生活的日用陶,它在满足人们实用之需的基础上还装饰着丰富的纹饰。其中,以表现"读书入仕"为主题的陶器在湖北民间陶器中有大量表现。从外相看,它有规模宏大的"状元打马游街",春风得意的"十八学士",还有含蓄深刻、象征寓意的《鲤鱼跃龙门》和《一路连科》,更有直抒性情的文字呈现;做内向观,它体现湖北民众内在精神追求以及湖北地区重视文化教育的社会现实。试图从明清以来湖北重教育的历史传统和相关社会背景出发,梳理湖北土陶装饰中"读书入仕"主题艺术表达的式样,进而探讨湖北土陶中"读书入仕"题材所呈现的精神内核。Hubei folk earthenware, from Makou Kiln in Hanchuan, Guan Kiln in Qichun to Caijiashan Kiln in Macheng, has given influence on residents from numerous cities and even provinces nearby. On the basis of practical use, pieces of Hubei folk earthenware are abundantly ornamented, a great number of which are particularly themed "attend schools to become officials". From the scope of looks, there are varied pieces such as the magnificent "The Best Scholar on the Horse Parade", the glorying "Eighteen Scholars", the profound "Carp Leaping over Dragon Gate" and "Success in Exams All the Way" with symbolic implications as well as written inscriptions;from the perspective of inner world, it manifests the spiritual pursuit of Hubei people and the social atmosphere valuing cultural education in Hubei regions. The study is intended to sort out the artistic patterns in Hubei folk earthenware themed "attend schools to become officials" from the traditional and social background of valuing education in Hubei, so as to discuss the spiritual core reflected within the pieces.

关 键 词：湖北土陶 读书入仕 装饰 教育 

分 类 号：J527[艺术—艺术设计]