不同约束条件下硝酸酯类PBX炸药装药慢烤响应特性  

Slow Cook-off Response Characteristics of Nitrate Explosive PBX Charge under Different Constraint Conditions

作　　者：邓海 赵小锋 任新联[1] 李刚[1] 梁争峰[1] DENG Hai;ZHAO Xiao-feng;REN Xin-lian;LI Gang;LIANG Zheng-feng(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China;Naval Equipment Project Management Center,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]海军装备项目管理中心,北京100000

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2021年第5期652-657,共6页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家安全重大专项资助。

摘　　要：为了研究含能黏结剂体系硝酸酯类PBX炸药在不同约束条件下的慢烤响应特性,从而为战斗部缓释结构的设计提供依据,采用装药内嵌温度传感器和调节烤燃弹壳体泄压通道大小的方法,通过慢速烤燃试验研究了不同约束条件下Φ100mm×200mm装药慢烤过程的温度场变化、点火特征及响应规律。结果表明,该炸药在慢烤条件下,随着温度的升高装药先软化变为糊状,并从排气孔不断向外挤出,最后在端盖上堆积炸药的尖端处发生点火,点火过程包括火点区域扩张、瞬态喷溅燃烧、明火稳定燃烧3个阶段,且点火扩张阶段持续时间较短,明火燃烧阶段持续时间较长;排泄孔的大小对装药的响应温度和响应时间影响较小,但随着排泄孔面积(Sh)与装药截面面积(Sc)比值减小,装药的响应剧烈程度增大,当Sh/Sc大于16%,装药发生稳定的燃烧反应;当Sh/Sc在5%~10%,装药发生燃爆反应;当Sh/Sc小于5%,装药将发生爆炸及以上的反应;当Sh/Sc不小于5%,才可以控制装药不发生壳体破碎的响应等级。To study the slow cook-off response characteristics of nitrate PBX explosives under different constraints,and to provide basis for the design of sustained-release structure of warhead,the temperature field variation,ignition characteristics and response law ofΦ100mm×200mm charge with different constraint conditions were studied by slow cook-off test with the method of embedding thermocouple in the charge and adjusting the size of pressure relief hole in the shell.The results show that under the slow cook-off condition,the charge first softens and becomes paste with the increase of temperature,and then extrudes out from the exhaust hole,and finally ignites at the tip of the discharged explosive.The ignition process includes three stages:the expansion of the ignition point region,transient splashing combustion and stable combustion.The duration of ignition expansion stage is short,and the duration of open flame combustion stage is long.The size of the pressure relief hole has little effect on the response temperature and response time of the charge,but with decreasing the ratio(Sc/Sh)of the pressure relief hole area to the cross-sectional area of the charge,the response intensity of the charge increases.When Sc/Sh is greater than 16%,the charge has a stable combustion reaction.When Sc/Sn is 5%—10%,the charge will have deflagration reaction.When Sc/Sh is less than 5%,the charge will explode or react more.When Sc/Sh is not less than 5%,the response grade of charge will not result in shell breakage.

关 键 词：物理化学 硝酸酯类PBX 慢速烤燃 约束条件 泄压通道 响应等级 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]