基于车辆悬挂系统的高速路圆曲线极限最小半径路段车辆稳定性仿真  

Simulation on Vehicle Stability of Limit Minimum Radius Section of Circular Curve on Expressway Based on Vehicle Suspension System

作　　者：王佐[1] 王贵山[1] 李星[1] 吴善根[1] 王松[1] WANG Zuo;WANG Gui-shan;LI Xing;WU Shan-gen;WANG Song(CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an Shaanxi 710075,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2021年第9期9-14,24,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：中交科技基金项目[2018]05号。

摘　　要：曲线路段较其他路段更易发生交通事故,曲线路段上车辆的行驶稳定性及其对交通安全的影响值得深入研究。为研究在高速路圆曲线极限最小半径情况下的车辆稳定性问题,提升道路安全水平,针对经典的公路圆曲线最小半径计算模型中(简称刚体模型)对稳定性与安全性考虑不充分的情况,根据实际市场上主流车型的分布特点及动力参数,创新性地引入车辆悬挂系统。结合车辆在圆曲线上行驶的稳定性指标,构建了基于车辆具有悬挂系统的公路圆曲线最小半径计算模型(简称悬挂模型)。以驾乘人员的舒适度为依据,对模型中横向力系数进行了修正,就各种设计速度对应的公路最小圆曲线半径给出推荐。最后,基于CarSim以及TruckSim创建的仿真,对刚体、悬挂模型稳定性参数的差异进行分析。结果表明:具有悬挂系统的车辆能保持稳定于小半径平曲线,对高速公路的过弯、转向情况适应能力更强。由悬挂模型计算的公路圆曲线极限最小半径偏小,且目前规范中极限最小半径能保证车辆按照设计速度安全行驶,且有足够的安全余量。Curved road sections are more prone to traffic accidents than other road sections. The driving stability of vehicles on curved road sections and their influence on traffic safety are worthy of in-depth study. In order to study the vehicle stability under the condition of the limit minimum radius of circular curve of expressway, and to improve the level of road safety, in view of the inadequate consideration of stability and safety in the classic road curve minimum radius calculation model(referred to as the rigid body model), according to the distribution characteristics and power parameters of the main vehicle types in the actual market, the vehicle suspension system is innovatively introduced. Combining with the stability indicators of the vehicle driving on circular curve, the minimum radius calculation model(referred to as suspension model) based on the vehicle with suspension system on the road circular curve is constructed. Based on the driver’s and passenger’s comfort, the lateral force coefficients in the model are corrected, and the minimum radii of road curve at different design speeds are recommended. Finally, based on the simulation platform constructed by CarSim/TruckSim, the differences in stability parameters of the 2 types of models(rigid body model and suspension model) are compared and analyzed. The result shows that(1) the vehicle with suspension system can remain stable on horizontal curve with small radius, and is more adaptable to expressway corners and steering conditions;(2) the minimum radius of highway circular curve obtained by suspension model is small, and the limit minimum radius in the current specification can ensure that the vehicle can drive safely according to the design speed, and there is enough safety margin.

关 键 词：交通安全 圆曲线最小半径 悬挂模型 稳定性 动力学仿真 

分 类 号：U412.33[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]