高速公路内侧车道小客车停车视距合理取值的研究  

Study on Stopping Sight Distance of Passenger Cars in Inner Lane of Expressway

作　　者：林宣财[1] 王科[1] 李涛[1] 李星[1] LIN Xuan-cai;WANG Ke;LI Tao;LI Xing(CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an Shaanxi 710075,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2021年第9期68-77,共10页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：中交科技基金[2018]05号。

摘　　要：为了研究高速公路停车视距不足路段交通运行仍然较为平稳的问题,提出多车道高速公路内外侧车道停车视距计算参数采用不同取值方法。当车辆在高速公路内侧车道驶入较小的圆曲线路段时,驾驶员处于有预期的高警惕性驾驶状态,如果前方发现障碍物所做出紧急制动停车决策的反应时间要短于其他车道上的车辆;基于汽车制动减速度与高速公路路面摩阻力系数计算方法的反应时间:有预期的高警惕性驾驶状态紧急制动反应时间可取1.5 s,计算得到的停车视距称为"紧急制动停车视距",适用于高速公路内侧车道;舒适制动反应时间取2.5 s,计算得到的停车视距称为"舒适制动停车视距",其值与规范值基本一致,适用于高速公路内侧车道除外的其他车道。结果表明:当设计速度为80 km/h时,紧急制动停车视距所需要的圆曲线最小半径值与规范中圆曲线最小半径一般值基本一致,结合既有高速公路所谓停车视距不足路段交通运行平稳的调查,认为高速公路内侧车道采用紧急制动停车视距较为合理;当设计速度为100 km/h或120 km/h时,紧急制动停车视距所需要的圆曲线最小半径较规范中规定的圆曲线最小半径一般值大较多,不满足紧急制动停车视距要求的路段应采取限速等措施。In order to study the problem that the traffic operation is still relatively stable in the expressway section with insufficient stopping sight distance, different valuing methods for the calculation parameters of stopping sight distance of inner and outer lanes of multi-lane expressway are proposed. When vehicle moves into the small circular curve section in the inner lane of expressway, driver is in the expected high alert driving state. If an obstacle is found in front of the vehicle, the response time of the emergency braking decision is shorter than that of the vehicle in other lanes. Based on the calculation method of vehicle braking deceleration and expressway pavement friction coefficient, the response time is as follows: the expected response time of emergency braking in high alert driving state can be 1.5 s, the calculated stopping sight distance is called "emergency braking stopping sight distance", which is suitable for the inner lane of expressway;the response time of comfortable braking is taken as 2.5 s, and the calculated stopping sight distance is called "comfortable braking stopping sight distance", which is basically consistent with the standard value and is applicable to other lanes except the inner lane of expressway. The result shows that(1) When the design speed is 80 km/h, the minimum radius of circular curve required by the emergency braking stopping sight distance is basically consistent with the general minimum radius of circular curve in the specification. Combining with the current situation of smooth traffic operation in the section with insufficient stopping sight distance of existing expressway, it is considered that the emergency braking stopping sight distance in the inner lane of expressway is more reasonable.(2) When the design speed is 100 km/h or 120 km/h, the minimum radius of the circular curve required by the emergency braking stopping sight distance is much larger than the general minimum radius of the circular curve specified in the specification, and the speed limiting m

关 键 词：交通安全 内侧车道 紧急制动停车视距 舒适制动停车视距 最小圆曲线半径 

分 类 号：U412.34[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]