拜登政府科技政策及其对华科技竞争  

Biden’s Science&Technology Policy and Its Competition with China

作　　者：赵刚[1] 谢祥 ZHAO Gang;XIE Xiang

机构地区：[1]科技部中国科学技术发展战略研究院 [2]中国水环境集团有限公司战略发展部

出　　处：《当代美国评论》2021年第3期58-75,122,123,共20页Contemporary American Review

基　　金：2020年国家社科基金重大项目“印太战略下‘东盟中心地位’重构与中国—东盟共建‘海上丝绸之路’研究”(项目编号:20&ZD145)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：拜登政府执政以来,明确提出把科技置于国家战略的优先地位,将作为美国立国根基的科技战略提升到新高度,通过把白宫科技政策办公室主任提升至内阁级别、增加科技经费投入、颁布一系列与科技相关的法案和行政措施,加大对科技的支持力度。拜登政府执政后基本延续了特朗普政府时期的对华政策,将中国视为最主要的"竞争对手",通过战略规划和政策制定,有针对性地对中国的前沿科技领域进行全方位遏制,对中国高科技产业实施全面打压。中美科技竞争是一场持久的较量,需要充分认识到竞争的长期性和复杂性。After taking office,the Biden administration clearly places science and technology as the priority in his national strategy.The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy(OSTP)has been promoted to the cabinet level.Research funding and support of various form would be largely increased based on a series of legislative and executive efforts.China has been inherited as the arch-rival for the Biden administration who is containing China in advancing technology,particularly those cutting edge sectors.Although science and technology were among the first in cooperation between China and the U.S.after the relations be normalized,the Biden administration is levelling up strategic planning against China.China-U.S.scientific and technological competition would thus be a protracted contest,the hardship and complexity of which should be fully realized.

关 键 词：美国科技政策 中美科技竞争 局部科技战 科技创新 拜登政府 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学] F124.3[政治法律—外交学] F171.2[经济管理—世界经济]