生物活性玻璃研发及在口腔医学领域中的应用  

Development of bioactive glasses and their applications in dentistry

作　　者：陈晓婧 刘欧胜[1] 王松灵 Chen Xiao-jing;Liu Ou-sheng;Wang Song-ling(Academician Workstation for Oral-maxillofacial and Regenerative Medicine,Xiangya School of Stomatology,Central South University,Changsha 410000,China;Capital Medical University Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅口腔医院口腔颌面再生院士专家工作站,湖南长沙410000 [2]首都医科大学口腔健康北京实验室,北京100069

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（医学版）》2021年第5期1-9,共9页Journal of Lanzhou University（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81701015);湖南省优秀青年基金资助项目(2019JJ30018);湖南省湖湘青年英才项目(2020RC3064);湖南省重点研发项目(2020SK2056)。

摘　　要：生物活性玻璃是一种人工合成的可降解无机非金属材料,具有良好的生物活性和生物安全性,能与宿主骨形成亲密的键合,诱导骨再生。它在口腔中生成的类磷灰石可促进牙体组织的再矿化,修复脱矿牙体组织,有效治疗牙本质敏感。生物活性玻璃的理化性质和生物学功能可通过其组分、结构和制备工艺调控,因此通过对玻璃个性化设计和定制,有望满足其在口腔医学领域的不同临床需求。本研究从生物活性玻璃设计、制备的基础出发,阐明其结构以及作用机制,梳理其产生生物活性、生物相容性、可调控性的原因,并介绍此类材料在口腔医学领域研究及应用进展,包括骨修复、喷砂治疗、根管封闭和抗过敏修复等。Bioactive glasses are synthetic degradable inorganic non-metallic materials with good bioactivity and biocompatibility.They can form a close bond with a host bone and induce bone regeneration,whereas the formed tooth-like mineral apatite after glass degradation in the oral environment could promote tooth reminer-alization,repair the demineralized tooth tissues and effectively relieve dentine hypersensitivity.Since the phys-icochemical properties and biological functions of bioactive glasses can be tailored by their compositions,structures and preparation techniques,the personalized design and customization of glass was expected to ob-tain materials that can fulfill different clinical demands in dentistry.This paper first expounded the structure and degradation mechanism of bioactive glasses,followed by outlining their characteristics of bioactivity,bio-compatibility and adjustability,and then a summary of the research and application progress of using bioactive glasses in dentistry including bone repair,minimally invasive air abrasion,treatment of dentine hypersensitivi-ty and root canal treatment.

关 键 词：生物活性玻璃 口腔医学应用 生物活性 骨修复 再矿化 改性 

分 类 号：R865.78[医药卫生—临床医学]