First mixopterid eurypterids(Arthropoda:Chelicerata)from the Lower Silurian of South China  

混翅鲎在华南地区早志留世的首次发现

作　　者：Han Wang Jason Dunlop Zhikun Gai Xiaojie Lei Edmund A.Jarzembowski Bo Wang 王晗;Jason Dunlop;盖志琨;雷晓洁;Edmund AJarzembowski;王博(State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Museum für Naturkunde,Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science,Berlin 10115,Germany;Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins,Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China;Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Department of Earth Sciences,Natural History Museum,London SW75BD,UK)

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]Museum für Naturkunde,Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science,Berlin 10115,Germany [4]Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins,Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China [5]Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China [6]University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China [7]Department of Earth Sciences,Natural History Museum,London SW75BD,UK

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2021年第22期2277-2280,M0003,共5页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB26000000);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41972006,41688103);the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDB-SSWDQC040);the program of State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy(Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,NIGPAS)(183101).

摘　　要：Eurypterids,or sea scorpions,are an important group of midPaleozoic chelicerate arthropods whose evolution and palaeoecological significance have attracted much attention in recent years[1–3].One of the most remarkable eurypterid families is Mixopteridae,whose members are quite large and superficially scorpion-like eurypterids bearing highly specialized anterior appendages.Their second,and especially the third,pair of prosomal limbs are enlarged and very spiny.These limbs were presumably used for prey-capture,and analogies can be drawn with the “catching basket”[4]formed by the spiny pedipalps of whip spiders(Amblypygi)among the arachnids.混翅鲎(螯肢动物亚门:板足鲎目:混翅鲎科)是一种已灭绝的外形奇特的节肢动物,生活于约4.3亿年前的志留纪海洋中.其前部附肢特化,具硬质长刺,尾部似蝎,被认为具有较强的捕食能力,在海洋生态系统中扮演重要角色.一直以来,学界对此类动物的认识较少.目前仅报道2属4种,皆分布于劳俄大陆,且近80年来再无新的种类发现.本文描述了来自华南地区早志留世的混翅鲎一新属新种, Terropterus xiushanensis gen. et sp. nov.(秀山恐鲎).重建了秀山恐鲎的形态,并确定了其在相关类群中的系统发育位置.进一步讨论了混翅鲎类的附肢形态多样性,推断其作为顶级捕食者,居于彼时生态链顶端.秀山恐鲎的发现填补了混翅鲎类在中国,乃至整个冈瓦纳大陆的空白,也代表了已知最古老的混翅鲎化石记录.

关 键 词：捕食能力 生态链 冈瓦纳大陆 附肢 化石记录 早志留世 海洋生态系统 捕食者 

分 类 号：Q915[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]