粗锡精炼除铜中硫渣的处理工艺现状及展望  

Status and Prospect of Treatment Process for Sulfur Slag Produced from Copper Refining in Crude Tin

作　　者：刘大春 张博 熊恒 周正恩 邓勇 杨斌 徐宝强 Liu Dachun;Zhang Bo;Xiong Heng;Zhou Zhengen;Deng Yong;Yang Bin;Xu Baoqiang(National Engineering Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy of Nonferrous Metals,Kunming,Yunnan,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kuming,Yunnan,China;School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,Beijing University of Science and Technology,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学,真空冶金国家工程实验室,云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室,云南昆明650093 [2]复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650093 [3]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2021年第5期52-58,共7页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室自主课题研究课题基金(CNMRCUTS1701);国家自然科学基金(51874156);国家自然科学基金(51964033)。

摘　　要：粗锡精炼除铜中硫渣的处理是限制锡冶炼工艺进一步发展的重要节点。本文通过对锡冶炼过程中,硫渣的形成及目前硫渣处理工艺的现状进行介绍,指出了现行工艺存在的不足与局限性,如:造锍熔炼法、熔析法锡、铜的直收率低;隔膜电解法耗电量大,生产成本高;浮选法、浸出法会产生大量废水,导致环境污染等问题。真空冶金法具有流程简单、操作方便、锡铜分离彻底且不产生废水等优点,但其要消耗大量的硫化剂。在对硫渣处理工艺现状进行分析和总结提炼的基础上,结合相关实践,本文提出一种常压下对粗锡硫化处理,然后真空处理硫渣的工艺,此工艺能够实现锡、铜有效分离,同时具备能耗低、对环境友好等优点,以期为锡冶炼过程中硫渣的处理提供一种技术思路,并为锡火法精炼技术的更新奠定基础。The treatment of sulfur residue is an important point to limit the further development of tin smelting technology.This paper introduces the formation of sulfur slag in tin smelting process and the current status of sulfur slag treatment technology,points out the shortcomings and limitations of the current technology.For example,the direct yield of tin and copper by matte smelting method and melting method is low.Diaphragm electrolysis consumes a lot of power and has a high production cost.Flotation and leaching will produce a large amount of wastewater,leading to environmental pollution and other problems.Vacuum metallurgy has the advantages of simple process,convenient operation,complete separation of tin and copper and no waste water,but it needs to consume a lot of vulcanizing agent.Abstraction of the paper summarizes and analyzes the status quo.On the basis of combining the related practice,this paper proposes a process of curing the crude tin under atmospheric pressure,and then treats the sulfur slag by vacuum,which can realize the efficient separation of tin copper,and has the advantages of low energy consumption and environmental friendliness,etc.,in order to provide a technical idea for the treatment of sulfur slag in the tin smelting process,and lay a foundation for the update of tin refining technology.

关 键 词：粗锡除铜 硫渣 真空技术 硫化亚锡 

分 类 号：TD989[矿业工程—选矿] TF803.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]