地质冶金学发展及对建设智慧矿山的意义  

Development of Geometallurgy and Its Significance to the Construction of Wisdom Mines

作　　者：吴西顺[1,2] 张炜[1,2] 杨添天 赵相宽 黄文斌[1,2] 姚翔 Wu Xishun;Zhang Wei;Yang Tiantian;Zhao Xiangkua;Huang Wenbin;Yao Xiang(Geosciences Documentation Center,China Geological Survey,China Geological Library,Beijing,China;International Mining Research Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing,China;Beijing Vocational College of Electronics Technology,Beijing,China;China Geological Survey Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局地学文献中心,中国地质图书馆,北京100083 [2]中国地质调查局国际矿业研究中心,北京100037 [3]北京电子科技职业学院,北京100176 [4]中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局,广东广州510075

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2021年第5期67-75,共9页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：中国地质调查“战略性矿产资源勘查开发科技跟踪”(DD20211407);“地学情报综合研究与产品研发”(121201015000150002)。

摘　　要：智慧矿山的本质在于能够从容应对各种变化和挑战以及各种不确定性风险,而这正是地质冶金学所善长的。现代地质冶金学,整合了地质学、采矿/岩土工程、冶金学、工艺矿物、技术经济学和地质环境参数多种因素,是一种跨学科合作,建立预测性的三维空间块段模型来提高矿山的经济和社会价值包括综合开发关键矿产,同时降低运营风险并促进矿山修复。从大量理论探讨和实践经验来看,地质冶金学最主要的特点是多参数、高分辨、多变性和不确定性。大量实际案例显示,地质冶金学的发展,不仅只利于提高矿山的经济价值,对于智慧矿山的弹性运营和智能化作业也具有现实的指导意义。地质冶金学视野下的智慧矿山规划有如下特征:(1)时间变量的引入,表现为长期和短期综合考量;(2)采用MVC价值链技术突出了价值导向;(3)综合考虑了社会责任,例如环境保护因素、社区福利保障、生态生命安全、尾矿处理与善后、矿区生态恢复与复垦等各种因素。由于数据技术的创新和建模方法的进步,地质冶金学最近又获得了新的应用和发展。而这种新发展以及广阔的前景对于新时期的智慧矿山建设具有更加重要的现实和指导意义。Essence of wisdom mine lies in the capability of addressing changes,challenges and risks brought by uncertainties in an orderly manner.This is exactly the advantage of geological metallurgy.Modern geological metallurgy is featured by a multidisciplinary coordination which is realized through integration of multiple factors such as geology,mining/geotechnical engineering,metallurgy,mineral processing,engineering economy,and geological environment.A 3D spatial block model is established aiming at enhancing the social and economical values of the mine through comprehensive development of key minerals,reduce of operation risks and mine rehabilitation.Substantial theoretical discussions and experiences demonstrate that geological metallurgy is characterized by multiple parameters,high resolution,high variability and uncertainty.Numerous cases show that the development of geological metallurgy could not only enhance the economic values of the mine,but also could guide the practice of flexible operation and intelligent work of the wisdom mine.Wisdom mine planning in the context of geological metallurgy has the following characteristics:(1)the introduction of time variable,which integrates the long term and shortterm evaluation;(2)the adoption of MVC value chain technology which highlight the value orientation;(3)the consideration of social responsibilities such as environmental protection,community welfare,ecological and human life security,tailing treatment and disposal,ecological rehabilitation and reclamation etc.Thanks to the data technology innovations and progresses in modelling methods,geological metallurgy has been developed and applied in many more fields.Such progresses and the broad prospect provide much more concrete guidance to the construction of Wisdom mines in new era.

关 键 词：地质冶金学 智慧矿山 建模技术 智能化 工艺矿物学 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]