透光抚育强度对小兴安岭“栽针保阔”红松林碳储量的影响  

Effects of release cutting intensity on the carbon storage of Korean pine forests by planting conifer and reserving broadleaved trees in Xiaoxing’an Mountains of northeastern China

作　　者：王亚辉 牟长城 杨智慧 刘珽 李轩男 Wang Yahui;Mu Changcheng;Yang Zhihui;Liu Ting;Li Xuannan(School of Forestry,Center for Ecological Research,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,生态研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2021年第10期54-64,共11页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0504102)。

摘　　要：【目的】揭示透光抚育对“栽针保阔”红松林中长期碳汇的影响规律,为恢复地带性顶极植被阔叶红松林提供依据。【方法】采用相对生长方程与碳/氮分析测定法,同步测定小兴安岭不同透光抚育强度(对照(未采伐未栽针)、轻度透光抚育(伐除上层蓄积1/7)、中度透光抚育(伐除上层蓄积1/5)、强度透光抚育(伐除上层蓄积1/4))下的中期“栽针保阔”红松林(杨桦次生林冠下栽植红松35年,透光抚育30年)的生态系统碳储量(植被与土壤)、植被净初级生产力与年净固碳量,揭示透光抚育强度对“栽针保阔”红松林中长期碳汇作用的影响规律及机制。【结果】(1)透光抚育30年后,各透光抚育强度使中期“栽针保阔”红松林的植被碳储量((81.15±3.63)~(100.24±1.10)t/hm^(2))显著降低了14.7%~19.0%(P<0.05),但各透光抚育强度之间却无显著差异性(源于上层阔叶树碳储量随透光抚育强度呈递减趋势(21.1%~31.2%),冠下红松却呈递增趋势(39.0%~107.4%))。(2)各透光抚育强度均使其土壤碳储量((108.32±6.27)~(121.42±11.75)t/hm^(2))与对照相近(−8.4%~2.7%,P>0.05),但轻度、中度和强度透光抚育却改变了土壤碳储量的空间分布格局(水平分布上土壤表层碳储量随透光抚育强度增大而递减;垂直分布上轻度和中度透光抚育使其由对照的上>中≈下转化为上>中>下或上≈中>下)。(3)轻度透光抚育使其生态系统碳储量((189.47±5.16)~(218.44±10.65)t/hm^(2))已得到恢复(−5.3%,P>0.05),但中度和强度透光抚育仍使其较对照显著降低9.3%和13.3%(P<0.05),且3者均使其生态系统碳储量分配比例略有改变(植被碳储量占比降低3.06%~4.57%)。(4)轻度透光抚育使其植被年净初级生产力NPP((8.02±0.79)~(9.51±0.79)t/hm^(2))和年净固碳量VNCS((3.72±0.37)~(4.42±0.37)t/hm^(2))已得到恢复(−11.5%和−9.7%,P>0.05),而中度和强度透光抚育却使其仍显著低于对照15.4%~15.7%和14.0%~1[Objective]This paper aims to reveal the influencing rule of liberation cutting intensity on the medium and long term carbon sink of Korean pine forests by planting conifer and reserving broadleaved trees(PCRBT),and to provide basis for the restoration of zonal climax vegetation broadleaved Korean pine forest.[Method]The carbon storage(vegetation and soil),net primary productivity(NPP)and net annual carbon sequestration(ANCS)of the mid-term(35 years)Korean pine forests by PCRBT under different liberation cutting(LC)intensities(control(C),low-intensity LC(L)-1/7,moderate-intensity LC(M)-1/5,and high-intensity LC(H)-1/4(volume ratio))were measured simultaneously by the relative growth equation and carbon/nitrogen analysis method in temperate Xiaoxing’an Mountains of northeastern China,to reveal the law and mechanism of the effect of liberation cutting on carbon sink of Korean pine forest.[Result](1)The vegetation carbon storage((81.15±3.63)−(85.48±2.30)t/ha)of the Korean pine forests by PCRBT was significantly lower than that of control((100.24±1.10)t/ha)by 14.7%−19.0%(P<0.05)after liberation cutting 30 years,but the difference of vegetation carbon reserves was not significant among the low-,medium-,and high-intensity liberation cutting(because the carbon reserves of upper canopy broadleaf trees decreased with liberation cutting intensity(21.1%−31.2%),while the carbon reserves of Korean pine under canopy increased by 39.0%−107.4%).(2)The soil carbon storage((108.32±6.27)−(121.42±11.75)t/ha)of the Korean pine forests by PCRBT was similar to that of control(−8.4%−2.7%,P>0.05),however,the spatial distribution patterns of soil carbon storage were changed by the liberation cutting(on the horizontal distribution,the soil surface carbon storage decreased with increasing of liberation cutting intensity;on the vertical distribution,low-intensity and moderate-intensity liberation cutting made its vertical distribution changed from upper soil layer>middle soil layer≈lower soil layer in control forest to

关 键 词：透光抚育强度 碳储量 “栽针保阔”红松林 小兴安岭 

分 类 号：S791.247[农业科学—林木遗传育种]