Recent advances and future challenges in the use of nanoparticles for the dispersal of infectious biofilms  

作　　者：Shuang Tian Henny C.van der Mei Yijin Ren Henk J.Busscher Linqi Shi 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology,Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education,Institute of Polymer Chemistry,College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin,300071,China [2]University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Antonius Deusinglaan 1,9713 AV,Groningen,the Netherlands [3]University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen,Department of Orthodontics,Hanzeplein 1,9700 RB,Groningen,the Netherlands

出　　处：《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》2021年第25期208-218,共11页材料科学技术（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21620102005 and 51933006)。

摘　　要：Increasing occurrence of intrinsically antimicrobial-resistant,human pathogens and the protective biofilm-mode in which they grow,dictates a need for the alternative control of infectious biofilms.Biofilm bacteria utilize dispersal mechanisms to detach parts of a biofilm as part of the biofilm life-cycle during times of nutrient scarcity or overpopulation.We here identify recent advances and future challenges in the development of dispersants as a new infection-control strategy.Deoxyribonuclease(DNase)and other extracellular enzymes can disrupt the extracellular matrix of a biofilm to cause dispersal.Also,a variety of small molecules,reactive oxygen species,nitric oxide releasing compounds,peptides and molecules regulating signaling pathways in biofilms have been described as dispersants.On their own,dispersants do not inhibit bacterial growth or kill bacterial pathogens.Both natural,as well as artificial dispersants,are unstable and hydrophobic which necessitate their encapsulation in smart nanocarriers,like p H-responsive micelles,liposomes or hydrogels.Depending on their composition,nanoparticles can also possess intrinsic dispersant properties.Bacteria dispersed from an infectious biofilm end up in the blood circulation where they are cleared by host immune cells.However,this sudden increase in bacterial concentration can also cause sepsis.Simultaneous antibiotic loading of nanoparticles with dispersant properties or combined administration of dispersants and antibiotics can counter this threat.Importantly,biofilm remaining after dispersant administration appears more susceptible to existing antibiotics.Being part of the natural biofilm life-cycle,no signs of"dispersant-resistance"have been observed.Dispersants are therewith promising for the control of infectious biofilms.

关 键 词：DISPERSANT ENZYMES EPS EDNA Antibiotic resistance Dispersal mechanism NANOPARTICLES 

分 类 号：TB383.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]