褐色脂肪组织发育规律及生热作用研究进展  

Research Progress of Ontogeny and Thermogenesis of Brown Adipose Tissue

作　　者：张艳梅 金海 李长青 ZHANG Yanmei;JIN Hai;LI Changqing(Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古自治区高校动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第10期5416-5423,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系。

摘　　要：体温维持是新生动物重要的生理过程。褐色脂肪组织(BAT)是动物产生生热作用的主要场所之一,通过激活位于线粒体内膜上的解偶联蛋白1(UCP1)负责为机体提供热量,新生幼畜的成活高度依赖于BAT产热,以维持核心体温去适应外周寒冷环境。BAT在形态、发育阶段及解剖位置等特征上均与白色脂肪组织(WAT)存在差异,而在寒冷或β-肾上腺素能受体激动剂诱导下,WAT内还可产生一种新型产热细胞——米色脂肪细胞,其在结构和功能上与褐色脂肪细胞相似,均基于UCP1的解偶联作用,通过消耗体内葡萄糖及脂肪来产热,因此,二者被认为是提高幼畜存活率及防治人体肥胖和代谢疾病的潜在手段。本文旨在综述近年来对绵羊及啮齿类动物生热作用及其体内BAT和米色脂肪组织的研究概况,主要阐述其发育变化规律、生热作用机制及应用等,以期为后续相关研究领域提供理论依据。Body temperature maintenance is one of the most important physiological processes initiated after birth.Brown adipose tissue(BAT)is a main place of thermogenesis in animals,by activating uncoupling protein 1(UCP1),which is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria,it is responsible for providing heat for the body.The survival of newborn animals highly depends on bat heat production to maintain core body temperature to adapt to the peripheral cold environment.BAT differs with white adipose tissue(WAT)in the morphology,development stage and anatomical location.Under cold andβ-adrenergic receptor agonist conditions,a new type of thermogenesis cell can be produced—beige adipocyte,they are similar to brown adipocytes in structure and function,both of them are based on UCP1 uncoupling and produce heat by consuming glucose and fat,therefore,they are considered as potential means to improve the survival rate of young animals and prevent and control obesity and metabolic diseases in human body.This review summarized the recent studies on thermogenesis,BAT and beige adipose tissue in sheep and rodents,mainly expatiated the thermogenesis mechanism and its developmental changes,in order to provide data for future research.

关 键 词：褐色脂肪组织 生热作用 解偶联蛋白1 体温维持 

分 类 号：S811.2[农业科学—畜牧学]