经济蟹类性腺脂质需求的研究进展  

Research Advances in Gonadal Lipid Requirements of Economic Crab Species

作　　者：傅愔 张凤英[1] 赵明[1] 马凌波[1] FU Yin;ZHANG Fengying;ZHAO Ming;MA Lingbo(Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部远洋与极地渔业创新重点实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第10期5497-5510,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：上海市科技创新行动(18391900100);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-48);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020TD28);宁波市重点科技项目(2019B10010)。

摘　　要：蟹是具有较高营养价值的水产珍品。蟹类性腺发育的水平决定了经济养殖品种的繁殖性能,并且成熟亲蟹的性腺具有极高的食用价值。性腺发育过程中脂质的缺乏或不平衡会导致性腺发育不良,对亲蟹质量和繁殖性能均有较大影响。本文重点聚焦中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis),同时兼顾三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)和拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain),归纳了3种经济蟹类性腺发育不同时期脂质积累与转移的变化规律,在性腺发育氧化供能和内分泌调控方面的关键生理功能,以及饲料脂质摄入对性腺发育的影响,具体包括亲蟹的脂质需求量、不同脂质比例和适宜的来源3个方面。通过梳理总结,对蟹类亲体培育阶段脂质的需求提出建议,旨在通过营养调控提高亲蟹的性腺发育水平,促进养殖和苗种繁育产业的发展。Crab is a valuable aquatic product with high nutritional value.The level of crab’s gonadal development determines the reproductive performance of such economic breeds,and the gonads of fully-matured parent crabs show great edible value.The lack or imbalance of lipid nutrition during gonadal development will lead to gonadal dysplasia,which may affect the quality and reproductive performance of parent crabs to a large extent.In this review,we focus on Eriocheir sinensis,Portunus trituberculatus and Scylla paramamosain,and summarize the changes of lipid accumulation and transfer during gonadal development,as well as their key physiological functions in terms of oxidative energy supply and endocrine regulation,plus the effects of dietary lipid intake on gonadal development including the impacts of lipid levels,ratios of different lipids,and lipid sources.The purpose of this review is to improve the gonadal development of crab broodstocks through nutritional regulation,and to promote the development of the breeding and seedling techniques for crab production.

关 键 词：蟹类 性腺成熟 脂质需求 繁殖营养 

分 类 号：S852.2[农业科学—基础兽医学]