瘤胃和牛奶中奇链支链脂肪酸含量与瘤胃微生物蛋白产量的相关性研究  

Correlation between Content of Odd-and Branched-Chain Fatty Acids in Rumen and Milk and Production of Microbial Protein in Rumen

作　　者：刘鑫 姜鑫[1] 徐宏建[1] 张淑枝 管佳琦 辛杭书[1] LIU Xin;JIANG Xin;XU Hongjian;ZHANG Shuzhi;GUAN Jiaqi;XIN Hangshu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Fuyu Hefeng Feed Co.,Ltd.,Fuyu 131200,China;Shenyang Hefeng Ruminant Feed Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110164,China;College of Animal Science and Medicine,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]扶余禾丰饲料有限公司,扶余131200 [3]沈阳禾丰反刍动物饲料有限公司,沈阳110164 [4]沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第10期5717-5728,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31702135);国家现代农业产业技术体系。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究瘤胃和牛奶中奇链支链脂肪酸(OBCFA)含量与瘤胃微生物蛋白(MCP)产量之间的相关关系。本试验选择3头安装永久性瘘管的荷斯坦泌牛奶牛[胎次=1胎;泌乳天数=(142.0±15.8)d;产奶量=(27.0±6.2)kg/d],采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,将3种剂量的碳酸氢铵(NH_(4)HCO_(3))(0、112和224 g/d)进行瘤胃灌注,并测定瘤胃pH及挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)、氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)、MCP和OBCFA含量,同时也测定了牛奶中的OBCFA含量。结果表明:随着NH_(4)HCO_(3)剂量的增加,瘤胃内iso-C14∶0、iso-C17∶0和总异构脂肪酸的含量显著增加(P<0.05),MCP含量趋于提高(P=0.06);牛奶中anteiso-C15∶0含量随NH_(4)HCO_(3)剂量的增加趋于提高(P=0.07)。通过相关性分析发现,瘤胃中OBCFA含量与瘤胃pH及NH 3-N、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异戊酸、戊酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量均存在显著的相关关系(r=0.26~0.64,P<0.05);牛奶中OBCFA含量与瘤胃pH及NH_(3)-N、乙酸、丁酸和戊酸含量均存在显著的相关关系(r=0.71~0.84,P<0.05);瘤胃MCP含量与瘤胃中anteiso-C15∶0(r=0.79)、anteiso-C17∶0(r=0.76)和总反异构脂肪酸含量(r=0.84)呈显著正相关(P<0.05),且与牛奶中anteiso-C15∶0含量(r=0.78)呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,瘤胃和牛奶中OBCFA含量能够反映出瘤胃发酵参数的变化情况,且瘤胃中的anteiso-C15∶0和anteiso-C17∶0含量以及牛奶中的anteiso-C15∶0含量具有作为标记物来预测瘤胃MCP含量的潜力。This experiment was conducted to explore correlation between odd-chain branched fatty acid(OBCFA)content and rumen microbial protein(MCP)production in rumen and milk.Three Holstein lactating cows[parity=1;lactation days=(142.0±15.8)d;milk yield=(27.0±6.2)kg/d]with permanent fistulas were selected in the present experiment.The 3×3 Latin square test design was used to infuse three doses of NH_(4)HCO_(3)(0,112 and 224 g/d)into the rumen.The pH,volatile fatty acids(VFA),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),MCP,OBCFA contents in rumen,and OBCFA content in milk were measured.The results showed that with the increase of NH_(4)HCO_(3) dose,the contents of iso-C14∶0,iso-C17∶0 and total isometeric fatty acids in rumen were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the MCP content tended to be increased(P=0.06);the content of anteiso-C15∶0 tended to increase with the increase of NH_(4)HCO_(3) dose(P=0.07).By correlation analysis,it was found that the OBCFA content in rumen were related to ruminal pH,NH_(3)-N,acetate,propionate,butyrate,isovalerate,valerate and TVFA contents(r=0.26 to 0.64,P<0.05);the OBCFA content in milk were related to rumen pH,NH 3-N,acetate,butyrate and valerate contents(r=0.71 to 0.84,P<0.05);the ruminal MCP content was positively correlated with anteiso-C15∶0(r=0.79),anteiso-C17∶0(r=0.76)and TAFA(r=0.84)contents in the rumen(P<0.05),and there was a significant positive correlation with anteiso-C15∶0(r=0.78)content in milk(P<0.05).In summary,OBCFA content in the rumen and milk can reflect changes in rumen fermentation parameters,and anteiso-C15∶0 and anteiso-C17∶0 contents in the rumen and anteiso-C15∶0 content in milk can be used as markers to predict the ruminal MCP content.

关 键 词：奇链支链脂肪酸 微生物蛋白 瘤胃发酵 相关关系 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]