冬季饮水温度对育肥羔羊生长性能、屠宰性能及消化、生理的影响  

Effects of Drinking Water Temperature on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Digestibility and Physiology of Fattening Lambs in Winter

作　　者：赵寿培 李雪梅[1] 高玉红[1] 车大璐 赵娟娟 张会文 王媛 王娟 ZHAO Shoupei;LI Xuemei;GAO Yuhong;CHE Dalu;ZHAO Juanjuan;ZHANG Huiwen;WANG Yuan;WANG Juan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Technology and Education Station of Chengde Municipal Bureu of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengde 067000,China;Sheep Industry Technology Research Institute of Hebei,Hengshui 053400,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071001 [2]承德市农业农村局科技教育工作站,承德067000 [3]河北省肉羊产业技术研究院,衡水053400

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第10期5749-5759,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目“规模化羊场的应激(冷、热)评价及绿色防控关键技术研究与示范”(20326612D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队建设专项(HBCT2018140205);河北省高等学校科学技术重点研究项目(ZD2021323)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究冬季饮水温度对不同性别育肥羔羊生长性能、屠宰性能、养分表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响,同时利用红外热像仪分析不同饮水温度下近瘤胃体表温度。采用2×3双因素设计,选择180只育肥羔羊,公母各占1/2,公羔和母羔各分成3个饮水温度组,即5、15和25℃组。试验期120天。结果表明:1)与5℃组相比,15和20℃组育肥羔羊的日均饮水量(ADW)极显著提高(P<0.01),干物质采食量(DMI)和平均日增重(ADG)无显著差异(P>0.05),料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05)。同时,DMI表现出饮水温度与性别的交互影响(P<0.01)。2)与5℃组相比,15和25℃组的血清皮质醇、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T_(3))、甲状腺素(T_(4))含量显著或极显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清葡萄糖和白蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05)。同时,血清T_(3)和T_(4)含量表现出饮水温度与性别的交互影响(P<0.01)。3)与5℃组相比,15和25℃组的胴体重显著提高(P=0.05),屠宰率极显著提高(P<0.01),肾脏、肝脏指数显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与5℃组相比,15和25℃组的总能、粗脂肪、粗蛋白质和粗灰分表观消化率显著或极显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.01),25℃组的酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著增加(P<0.05)。同时,粗灰分和干物质表观消化率表现出饮水温度与性别的交互影响(P<0.01)。5)与5℃组相比,15和25℃组的近瘤胃体表温度显著增加(P<0.05),每个反刍周期持续时间(P=0.07)及每个食团咀嚼时间(P=0.08)也有所增加。由此可见,育肥羔羊冬季饮用温水可提高瘤胃温度,改善反刍行为,促进养分消化吸收,提高饲料利用率、屠宰率和器官发育。The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of drinking water temperature on growth performance,slaughter performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical parameters of different genders fattening lambs,and to analyze the surface temperature near rumen in different drinking water temperatures used by an infrared thermal imaging camera.A 2×3 design was used in this study,and one hundred eighty fattening lambs(half ram and half ewe)were selected,ram and ewe were divided into 3 drinking water temperature groups,respectively,which were 5,15 and 25℃group.The trial period was 120 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with 5℃group,the average daily water intake(ADW)of 15 and 25℃groups were significantly increased(P<0.01),the dry matter intake(DMI)and average daily gain(ADG)were no significant difference(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio(F/G)was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Besides,the DMI demonstrated an interaction between drinking water temperature and gender(P<0.01).2)Compared with 5℃group,the contents of cortisol,triiodothyronine(T_(3)),and thyroxine(T_(4))in serum of 15 and 25℃groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the contents of glucose and albumin in serum were significantly increased(P<0.01).Besides,the contents of T_(3) and T_(4) in serum demonstrated an interaction between drinking water temperature and gender(P<0.01).3)Compared with 5℃group,the carcass weight of 15 and 25℃groups was significantly increased(P=0.05),the dressing percentage was significantly increased(P<0.01),and the liver and kidney indexes were significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with 5℃group,the apparent digestibility of gross energy,ether extract,crude protein and ash of 15 and 25℃groups was significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the acid detergent fiber apparent digestibility was significantly increased(P<0.05).Besides,the apparent digestibility of ash and dry matter demonstrated an interaction between drinking water temperature and gender(P<0.01).

关 键 词：羔羊 饮水 生长性能 表观消化率 反刍行为 屠宰性能 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]