中学聋生阅读中的副中央凹注意增强特点:来自阅读知觉广度的证据  

The Enhanced Parafoveal Attention in Deaf Middle School Students: Evidence from Perceptual Span in Chinese Reading

作　　者：闫国利[1,2] 王影超 刘璐[2,3] 兰泽波 李赛男 宋子明 Yan Guoli;Wang Yingchao;Liu lu;Lan Zebo;LiSainan;Song Ziming(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300074;Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300387;School of Educational Science,Ludong University,Yantai,264025)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学心理学部,天津300387 [3]鲁东大学教育科学学院,烟台264025

出　　处：《心理科学》2021年第4期807-814,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(16BYY074)的资助。

摘　　要：副中央凹注意增强特点是指受视觉注意资源空间分配变化的影响,聋人在阅读中表现出更强的副中央凹信息加工能力。本研究以Eyelink 2000眼动仪为工具,采用移动窗口范式,通过探讨中学聋生的阅读知觉广度,来进一步验证聋人阅读中的副中央凹注意增强特点。实验采用3(被试:中学聋生、年龄匹配组、能力匹配组)×6(窗口水平:WS1、WS2、WS3、WS4、WS5、FL)的混合实验设计。结果发现,中学聋生和其年龄匹配组的阅读知觉广度均为注视点右侧3个汉字,能力匹配组的阅读知觉广度为注视点右侧2个汉字,表明中学聋生在阅读中存在副中央凹注意增强特点。Because of the early auditory impairment, deaf readers relied heavily on the visual channel to process information, resulting in the changes of the spatial distribution of visual attention resources around 11 years of age. Lots of studies showed their selectively enhanced attention in extrafoveal visual field when they were asked to complete the low-level visual perceptual tasks, like orientation, discrimination, search task and some other tasks. Studies showed that the enhanced attention to the parafovea in deaf readers was not restricted to low-level visual perception but could also be recruited for complex cognitive processes such as reading. The perceptual span is the area of effective vision from which useful information can be obtained during one fixation in reading, which is a basic issue in reading research(Rayner,1975). In the alphabetic writing system, skilled deaf readers were found with a larger perceptual span to the right of fixation than hearing readers matched with the same reading ability and age, and this phenomenon was the result of deaf readers’ enhanced visual attention in extrafoveal visual field. In logographic writing system, researchers found that deaf college students had a larger perceptual span than the hearing college students to the left of fixation without matching the two groups strictly, therefore, we did not know the exact causes. In addition, until now, there are few studies focusing on deaf middle-school students’ enhanced parafoveal processing in Chinese reading, and this phenomenon needs further confirmation. Therefore, it is of great importance to compare deaf readers’ reading perceptual span to verify this phenomenon.The current study attempts to investigate deaf middl-school students’ enhanced parafoveal attention feature in reading by comparing their Chinese reading perceptual span with the two hearing control groups. The moving window paradigm was adopted to explore this issue by using the Eyelink 2000 eye tracker. The design was a 3(groups: deaf middle-school st

关 键 词：中学聋生 副中央凹注意增强 阅读知觉广度 眼动 

分 类 号：G762[文化科学—特殊教育学]