玉米抗茎倒伏能力相关性状与评价研究进展  

Research progress on traits and assessment methods of stalk lodging resistance in maize

作　　者：赵雪[1] 周顺利[1,2,3] ZHAO Xue;ZHOU Shun-Li(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Crop Highly Efficient Use of Water in Wuqiao,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuqiao 061802,Hebei,China;Innovation Center of Agricultural Technology for Lowland Plain of Hebei,Wuqiao 061802,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学院,北京100193 [2]农业农村部作物高效用水吴桥科学观测实验站,河北吴桥061802 [3]河北省低平原区农业技术创新中心,河北吴桥061802

出　　处：《作物学报》2022年第1期15-26,共12页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300301);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(玉米,CARS-02-13);河北省重大科技成果转化项目(19057316Z)资助。

摘　　要：茎倒伏造成玉米产量和品质下降,收获成本增加,籽粒生理成熟后无法继续田间站秆脱水,影响玉米机械化籽粒收获。关于玉米抗茎倒伏相关的性状,前人从植株形态、节间形态、解剖结构和化学成分等方面进行了大量研究,但结果不完全一致,同时这些性状对茎秆抗倒性作用大小的定量研究较少。本文综述了玉米抗茎倒伏能力的评价方法和指标、茎秆力学测定方法、抗茎倒伏能力相关性状的分析方法及其影响因素,提出了抗茎倒伏能力相关性状及评价研究中存在的问题和需要进一步关注的内容,希望为进一步研究玉米抗茎倒伏相关性状及其评价方法,培育抗倒伏品种和优化栽培措施提供参考。Maize stalk lodging causes yield loss,decreases grain quality,increases harvest costs,and makes it impossible for grain dehydration after physiological maturity which limits mechanical grain harvest.Previous researches have been conducted to study the traits related to stalk lodging,including morphological and anatomical traits,chemical constituents of the plant and internode.However,there exist some disagreements,and lack quantitative studies on stalk lodging resistance.In this study,we review the evaluation methods and indicators of stalk lodging resistance,the determination methods of mechanical properties as well as analysis methods of stalk lodging related traits and some factors that may have effects on the results.Furthermore,we put forward the existing problems in previous researches on traits and evaluation indicators related to stalk lodging resistance and the contents need to be given further attention.These results provide a reference for further study of maize stalk lodging resistance traits and evaluation methods,lodging resistance breeding and optimization of cultivation measures.

关 键 词：玉米 茎倒伏 评价指标 茎秆力学性状测定 茎倒伏相关性状 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]