红海湾表层海水重金属含量与污染评价  

The Concentrations and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metal in Surface Seawater in Honghai Bay

作　　者：公金文 陈发荣 郑立 曹为 李倩 韩彬 刘新民[1] GONG Jin-wen;CHEN Fa-rong;ZHENG Li;CAO Wei;LI Qian;HAN Bin;LIU Xin-min(College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, MNR, Qingdao 266061, China;First Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Qingdao 266061, China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学化工学院,山东青岛266061 [2]自然资源部海洋生态环境科学与技术重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [3]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [4]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2021年第4期570-580,共11页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目——生态环境损害鉴定评估业务化技术研究(2016YFC0503602);自然资源部卫星遥感业务支持服务体系项目——区域海洋环境数据检验鉴定(GW0219005);国家自然科学基金委员会-山东省人民政府联合基金项目——海洋生态与环境科学(U1606404)。

摘　　要：为了解广东汕尾红海湾海域的重金属含量分布特征及污染状况,于2017-02-16—28在研究区域内采集24个站位表层海水样品,利用电感耦合等离子体技术(ICP-Ms)和原子荧光光度计(AFS)测定海水中重金属元素(Cd、Pb、As、Cr、Cu、Hg和Zn)的含量。采用潜在生态风险指数法(ERI)评价海水中的重金属污染程度,采用聚类分析和相关性分析的方法分析重金属的来源。研究结果表明:①该海域海水中的Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Hg和Pb平均质量浓度分别为0.38、1.99、11.62、1.88、0.123、0.037和1.03μg·L^(-1),部分站点Pb高于一类海水水质标准值(超标率为45.83%),其余均符合一类海水水质标准。②该海域的重金属污染物主要为Cd、Hg和Pb,三者之中Hg的单元素生态风险指数最高。不同站位综合潜在生态风险指数(ERI)范围为37.40~53.05,整体潜在风险程度较低。③聚类分析和相关性分析结果表明红海湾海域Cd和Pb主要来源于船舶涂料及其燃料尾气,Zn和Hg来源于水产养殖及种植业活动,Cu、Cr和As可能与沿岸生活和工业污水排放等有关。④海水环境因子相关性分析结果显示悬浮颗粒物(SPM)与pH对该海域重金属元素质量浓度与分布的影响较为突出。⑤与其他5个国内相似近海海域重金属污染情况的对比表明红海湾海域暂不存在较大的重金属污染风险,但应控制区域内的生产、生活污染排放。To understand the characteristics of heavy metals distribution and pollution in Honghai Bay of Guangdong Province,the surface seawater samples were collected at 24 sampling stations from February 16 to 28 in 2017.The concentrations of heavy metal elements(Cd,Pb,As,Cr,Cu,Hg and Zn)in seawater were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-Ms)and Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer(AFS).The pollution degree of heavy metal in seawater was evaluated by potential ecological risk index method(ERI).The sources of heavy metals were analyzed by cluster analysis and correlation analysis.The results showed that:①The average concentrations of Cr,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,Hg and Pb were 0.38,1.99,11.62,1.88,0.123,0.037,1.03μg·L^(-1) in surface seawater in studied sea area.The Pb concentration in parts of station was higher than the first class seawater quality standard,45.83%proportion exceeding the standard.The Pb in remain stations met the first class seawater quality standard.②The Cd,Hg and Pb were the main heavy metal pollutants in the studied area,among them Hg had the highest single element ecological risk index.The comprehensive potential ecological risk index(ERI)ranged from 37.40 to 53.05,and the overall potential risk was at a low level.③The results of clustering and correlation analysis showed that the Cd and Pb were mainly came from ship paint and fuel tail gas,Zn and Hg came from aquaculture and farming activities,and the Cu,Cr and As may be related to the coastal domestic or industrial sewage discharge around the researched sea area.④The results of seawater correlation analysis of environmental parameters showed that suspended particulate matter(SPM)and pH have a prominent effect on the concentration and distribution of heavy metals in this sea area.⑤The comparison of heavy metal pollution in Honghai Bay and other 5 similar offshore areas in China showed that there was no heavy metal pollution risk in the Honghai Bay,but the sewage discharge of local production and daily living activity should be

关 键 词：红海湾 重金属 潜在生态风险指数 污染评价 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]