叶面喷施黄腐酸对川芎生长及品质的影响  

Effects of Fulvic Acid Spraying on the Growth and Quality of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.

作　　者：喻文 余星语 张德林[1] 李敏[1] 刘薇[1] 高宇明 YU Wen;YU Xingyu;ZHANG Delin;LI Min;LIU Wei;GAO Yuming(College of Pharmacy,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinesc Medicine/Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Materia Medica,Ministry of Education,Chengdu Sichuan 611137;Ziyang Inspection and Testing Center for Food and Drug Control,Zivyang,Sichuan 641300)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学药学院,中药资源系统研究与开发利用省部共建国家重点实验室,四川成都611137 [2]资阳市食品药品检验检测中心,四川资阳641300

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第19期128-132,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家科技部中药现代化研究重点专项资助项目(2017YFC1701803);“杏林学者”学科人才科研提升计划资助项目(CXTD2018016);四川省科技厅科技计划资助项目(2020YFS0303)。

摘　　要：以川芎苓种为试材,采用随机区组设计并开展大田试验,研究了不同浓度黄腐酸叶面喷施对川芎农艺性状、产量、质量及重金属含量的影响,以期为黄腐酸在川芎上的合理施用提供参考依据。结果表明:叶面喷施黄腐酸能够显著提升川芎分蘖数和冠幅;川芎在H2(1.0 kg·hm^(-2))和H3(1.5 kg·hm^(-2))处理后产量较CK提升23.47%以上;H3处理(1.5 kg·hm^(-2))能增加川芎挥发油和浸出物含量,H1处理(0.5 kg·hm^(-2))、H2处理(1.0 kg·hm^(-2))对川芎水溶性浸出物、醇溶性浸出物、挥发油、有效成分等影响较小;川芎施用黄腐酸后对其铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)、铜(Cu)5种重金属含量影响较大,其中重金属镉(Cd)含量与黄腐酸施用浓度呈明显的正相关关系,在不同浓度的黄腐酸处理后镉(Cd)含量与CK相比皆高出16.67%以上。综上,叶面喷施黄腐酸对川芎产量及品质提升有促进作用,但增加了其重金属超标风险。Taking Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.as test materials,the effects of different concentrations of fulvic acid on agronomic traits,yield,quality and heavy metal content of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.were studied by random block design field experiment,in order to provide a reference for the rational application of fulvic acid on Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort..The results showed that leaf spraying of fulvic acid could significantly increase the tiller number and crown width of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort..The yield of Chuanxiong Rhizoma was increased by 23.47%in H2(1.0 kg·hm^(-2))and H3(1.5 kg·hm^(-2))compared with CK.H3(1.5 kg·hm^(-2))treatment could increase the contents of volatile oil and extract,while H1(0.5 kg·hm^(-2))and H2(1.0 kg·hm^(-2))treatment had little effect on water-soluble extract,alcohol-soluble extract,volatile oil and active components,but had great effect on the contents of plumbum(Pb),cadmium(Cd),arsenic(As),mercury(Hg)and cuprum(Cu)in Chuanxiong Rhizoma,among which the content of heavy metal cadmium(Cd)was positively correlated with the application concentration of fulvic acid.After treatment with different concentrations of fulvic acid,its content was 16.67%higher than that of CK.In conclusion,foliar spraying of fulvic acid could promote the yield and quality of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.,but increase the risk of excessive heavy metals.

关 键 词：川芎 黄腐酸 叶面喷施 产量 镉 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]