微电极在生物脱氮机制中的研究与应用  

Research and Application of Microelectrode in Biological Nitrogen Removal Mechanism

作　　者：万琼[1] 鹿琳睿 张新艳[1] 孙荡荡 李凌宜 鞠恺 WAN Qiong;LU Linrui;ZHANG Xinyan;SUN Dangdang;LI Lingyi;JU Kai(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学建筑与土木工程学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2021年第5期25-33,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：西安科技大学培育基金(201724);西安科技大学博士(后)启动基金(2018QDJ005);污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室开放基金(PCRRF18014);国家重点研发计划专项:西部典型缺水地区农村给排水集成技术与应用示范(2016YFC0400703-3);陕西省教育厅科研创新项目基金(20JK0768)。

摘　　要：微电极是一种微型的电化学传感器,具有检测速度快、灵敏度高等特点,能够测定微观环境内物质浓度的细微变化。微电极能通过测定样品内浓度空间分布、计算反应速率的方式构建微观环境与宏观环境的联系。该文在微电极制备与应用的基础上,归纳总结了其在生物膜、颗粒污泥、沉积物中脱氮机制的研究现状。进一步分析了微电极与分子生物技术、数学模型联合使用探索生物脱氮机制的意义与前景。最后,展望了微电极未来的发展方向,并对其既有限制性因素提出了几点思考。Microelectrode is a kind of microelectrochemical sensor,which has the characteristics of fast detection speed and high sensitivity,and can measure the slight change of substance concentration in the microenvironment.Microelectrode can establish the relationship between microenvironment and macroenvironment by measuring the spatial distribution of concentration in samples and calculating the reaction rate.Based on the preparation and application of microelectrodes,the research status of their denitrification mechanism in biological membrane,granular sludge and sediment was summarized.The significance and prospect of using microelectrode,together with molecular biotechnology and mathematical model to explore the mechanism of biological denitrification were further analyzed.Finally,the future development direction of microelectrode was prospected,and some suggestions on the existing restrictive factors were put forward.

关 键 词：微电极 生物脱氮 生物膜 颗粒污泥 沉积物 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]