作品元素名称在先权益保护研究--以商标确权为视角  

Study on the Protection of Prior Rights and Interests of Names of Work Elements:From the Perspective of Formulation of Trademark Right

作　　者：唐雨汉 TANG Yu-han

机构地区：[1]同济大学上海国际知识产权学院

出　　处：《科学决策》2021年第9期137-149,共13页Scientific Decision Making

摘　　要：作品名称及作品中诸如角色、场景道具和章节情节等元素的名称因不符合独创性要求而无法受〈著作权法〉保护,但一些知名作品元素名称因其具有的“促销力”能使消费者“移情”于相关衍生商品或服务而具有很大经济价值。如何对作品元素名称的商业化利益进行在先权益保护一直是商标确权司法实践中颇有争议的问题。构建“商品化权(益)”赋权模式因正当性基础缺失而不宜采用,而以〈反不正当竞争法〉保护的权益为基础认定在先权益的保护模式能在现有法律框架内更圆融地解决问题。从法律适用的角度,分别从类型化保护路径建构和具体要件认定标准完善两方面就在先作品元素名称的商标确权保护提出具体建议。The names of works and work elements such as characters,scenes,props,chapters and plots cannot be protected by Copyright Law because of requirement of originality.However,the promotional power of the names of some well-known work elements can encourage consumers turn their back to derivative products or services and thus have great economic value.How to protect the prior rights and interests based on the commercialized interests of the names of work elements has always been a controversial issue in judicial judgments of the formulation of trademark right.The empowerment mode of"Merchandising Right(Interest)"should not be adopted because of flaws in its legitimacy.In contrast,the identification mode of prior rights and interests on the basis of the rights and interests protected by Anti-Unfair Competition Law can solve the problem in a more integrated way within the existing legal framework.From the perspective of application,this paper puts forward specific suggestions on protection of the formulation of trademark right of prior names of work elements from two aspects:the construction of typed protection path and the identification improvement of specific constitutive elements.

关 键 词：作品元素名称 在先权益 商标确权 商品化权益 反不正当竞争法 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学] G124[政治法律—法学]