DayCent模型模拟黑土长期施肥下土壤碳氮变化  

Using DayCent Model to Simulate Black Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Dynamics Under Long-Term Different Fertilization

作　　者：陈磊[1,2] 王金洲[3] 郝小雨 马星竹[1] 魏丹[4] 周磊 刘荣乐[6] 汪洪 CHEN Lei;WANG Jin-zhou;HAO Xiao-yu;MA Xing-zhu;WEI Dan;ZHOU Lei;LIU Rong-le;WANG Hong(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Environment Resources,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land / Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China;Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institue of Plant Nutrition and Resources,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forest,Beijing 100097,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150001,China;Agro-Environmental Protection Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/耕地培育技术国家工程实验室/农业部植物营养与肥料重点实验室,北京100081 [3]北京大学,北京100871 [4]北京农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [5]黑龙江省科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [6]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2021年第10期23-31,共9页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0504200);黑龙江省博士后面上资助项目(LBH-Z20093)。

摘　　要：为促进黑土耕地可持续发展,本研究利用黑龙江省38年长期定位施肥试验的作物产量、土壤有机碳含量和全氮含量等数据,对DayCent模型进行校验和验证,同时,利用试验数据逆向模拟的方法,获取模型最佳的修正系数,分析导致模型模拟偏差的原因,揭示黑土区施肥制度对土壤碳氮动态变化的影响以及土壤碳氮转化的规律。结果表明:DayCent模型验证土壤有机碳时不施肥(CK)、氮肥(N)、二倍量氮肥(N2)、氮磷钾配施(NPK)、有机肥(M)、有机肥+氮肥配施(MN)和有机肥+氮磷钾配施(MNPK)处理的均方根差为7.2%~9.8%,验证全氮时的均方根差为7.1%~10.2%,且模拟评价的相对误差和模拟效率均在很好和较好范围内,说明模型参数组合对以有机肥归还为主的施肥条件下有机碳、全氮动态模拟较好;而验证二倍量有机肥(M2和M2N2)处理的土壤有机碳、全氮的均方根差分别为13.2%、12.5%和10.6%、10.4%,模型模拟的效果较好,DayCent模型能够基本反映土壤有机碳和全氮的变化。利用38年长期定位试验实测数据逆向分析可知,该试验点有机肥投入下的有机碳周转速率是单施化肥的1.7倍。利用DayCent模型模拟东北黑土区大量有机肥投入时的土壤碳动态变化时,需综合考虑土壤碳氮平衡、激发效应及淋洗迁移等问题,可能会在不同程度上高估高量有机肥投入下土壤有机碳动态。In order to promote the sustainable development of cultivated land in black soil,the data of crop yield,soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were collected from the 38 years long-term fertilizer experiments in Heilongjiang Province.The effects of long-term fertilization on black soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content were verified and stimulated using the DayCent model,at the same time,the model optimization of correction factor was obtained by using the method of reverse simulation of test data,which analyzed the possible reasons for the deviation of the model simulation to reveal the influence of fertilization system on the dynamic change of soil carbon and nitrogen and the law of soil carbon and nitrogen transformation.The results showed that the root mean square error of SOC in CK,N,N2,NPK,M,MN and MNPK treatments were in range of 7.2%-9.8%,those of TN were in range of 7.1%-10.2%,which suggested that the simulated values were consistent with the observed values;but the root mean square error of SOC and TN in M2 and M2N2 treatment were in range of 13.2%,12.5%and 10.6%,10.4%,the evaluation parameters of the model simulation were in a good range,the DayCent model could basically reflect the changes of SOC and TN.The inverse modelling showed that SOC turnover rate of these(M,MN and MNPK)treatments was 1.7 times that of these(N,N2 and NPK)treatments.When applying a large amount of organic fertilizer in northeast China,soil nutrient balance,priming effects,the leaching and transferring issues of SOC should be considered in the DayCent model,which may overestimate SOC content to a certain extent.

关 键 词：DayCent模型 黑土长期定位施肥 土壤碳氮变化 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]