知信行干预在国际旅行卫生保健中心预防接种咨询中的应用  

Application of knowledge,attitude and practice intervention on vaccination consultation in International Travel Healthcare Centers

作　　者：杨慧丽 王玉兰 李磊 侯春林 YANG Hui-li;WANG Yu-lan;LI Lei;HOU Chun-Lin(Rizhao International Travel Healthcare Center,Rizhao,Shandong 276826,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]日照国际旅行卫生保健中心,山东日照276826 [2]烟台国际旅行卫生保健中心 [3]临沂国际旅行卫生保健中心

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2021年第5期340-343,共4页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：青岛海关科研项目(QK201908)。

摘　　要：目的寻找提高国际旅行预防接种咨询工作质量的有效方法,为国际旅行预防接种工作提供科学依据。方法对日照、烟台、临沂国际旅行卫生保健中心(以下简称"保健中心")的所有医务人员开展预防接种知识、态度、行为基线调查的基础上,采用知信行干预模式,通过培训、考试、发放知识手册、制定规章制度等方式进行医务人员预防接种咨询干预,通过医务人员干预前后自身的变化评价干预效果。抽取400名旅行者,按照学历分成对照组和观察组,分别评价干预前和干预后医务人员咨询行为形成率和预防接种服务水平,评估干预效果。结果医务人员调查问卷显示,医务人员总体知识得分率(干预前65.7%、干预后94.9%)、对预防接种咨询和宣传重要性的认识(干预前91.5%、干预后100.0%)、主动咨询形成率(干预前49.2%、干预后96.6%)干预前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。旅行者调查问卷显示,对照组(90.5%)和观察组(98.8%)旅行者对医务人员实际咨询行为形成率评价的差异有统计学意义,对医务人员预防接种相关服务的非常满意度差异(对照组65.8%、观察组97.3%)有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论知信行干预能够有效提高医务人员预防接种咨询的能力和水平、服务态度和质量,有效改善咨询和宣传认识、主动咨询等行为。Objective To find an effective way to improve the quality of international travel vaccination consultation,to provide scientific basis for international travel vaccination.Methods Based on the baseline survey of vaccination Knowledge,Attitude and Practice(KAP)among all the medical staff in Rizhao,Yantai and Linyi International Travel Healthcare Center(ITHC),using KAP intervention mode to intervene the vaccination consultation of medical staff through training,examination,knowledge manuals,rules and regulations,etc.The effect of intervention was evaluated by comparing the change of medical staff before and after intervention.400 travelers were devided into control group and observation group according to their educational background.The formation rate of consultation behavior and vaccine-related level of medical staff before and after intervention were evaluated respectively.Results The questionnaire among the medical staff showed that there were statistically significant differences in the overall knowledge scoring average(pre-intervention 65.7%,after-intervention 94.9%),the awareness of the importance of vaccination consultation and publicity(pre-intervention 91.5%,after-intervention 100.0%),the active consultation behavior formation rate(pre-intervention 49.2%,after-intervention 96.6%)between the medical staff before and after intervention(P<0.05).The questionnaire among travelers showed that there were statistically significant differences between the con-trol and observation group in the evaluation of the actual counseling behavior formation rate(control group 90.5%,observation group 98.8%)and the vaccine-related services(control group 65.8%,observation group 97.3%)to the medical staff(P<0.05).Conclusion The KAP intervention can effectively improve the capacity and level,service attitude and quality of medical staff in vaccination consultation.

关 键 词：预防接种 国际旅行 知信行 干预 

分 类 号：R186.3[医药卫生—流行病学]