基于需求层次理论的个体化护理在艾滋病合并肺孢子菌肺炎患者中的实践研究  

Individual nursing based on the theory of hierarchy of needs in AIDS patients with pneumocystis pneumonia

作　　者：曾宪蓝[1] Zeng Xianlan(The central People's Hospital of Ji'an City,Ji'an,Jiangxi343000)

机构地区：[1]吉安市中心人民医院,江西吉安343000

出　　处：《基层医学论坛》2021年第30期4302-4304,共3页The Medical Forum

基　　金：吉安市指导性科技计划项目[吉市科计字[2020]20号(5-19)]。

摘　　要：目的探讨在艾滋病合并肺孢子菌肺炎患者中基于需求层次理论的个体化护理的实施效果。方法将60例艾滋病合并肺孢子菌肺炎患者利用计算机生成的随机数字表分组,在住院期间分别对常规组、个体化组实施常规护理、常规护理+基于需求层次理论的个体化护理。对比2组生存率,存活患者干预前后心理和配合情况,存活患者发热、呼吸困难、低氧血症消失时间和住院时间,患方满意度。结果个体化组生存率为100.00%,显著高于常规组的83.33%(P<0.05);干预后2组存活患者自尊心、生存意念、配合态度、配合行为、精神支持评分均升高,且个体化组存活患者评分均高于常规组(P<0.05);个体化组存活患者发热、呼吸困难、低氧血症消失时间和住院时间均短于常规组(P<0.05);个体化组总满意率高达96.67%,高于常规组的80.00%(P<0.05)。结论在艾滋病合并肺孢子菌肺炎患者中实施基于需求层次理论的个体化护理,可提高生存率,改善心理和配合情况,促进症状消失,加速康复,进一步提升满意度。Objective To explore the operation method and effect of individualized nursing based on hierarchy of needs theory in AIDS patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia.Methods 60 AIDS patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia were divided into groups by a computer-generated random number table.During the period of hospitalization,routine nursing and routine nursing plus individualized nursing based on the theory of hierarchy of needs were carried out for routine group and individualized group respectively.The survival rates,the psychology and cooperations of the surviving patients before and after the intervention,the fever,dyspnea,the disappearance time of hypoxemia and the hospitalization time of the surviving patients,and the satisfaction of the patients were taken as the evaluation indexes,and SPSS 22.0 was used to compare differences.Results The survival rate of the individualized group was 100%,significantly higher than that of the routine group(83.33%)(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of self-esteem,survival idea,cooperation attitude,cooperation behavior and spiritual support of the two groups were all increased(P<0.05),and the scores of the survival patients in the individualized group were higher than those in the routine group(P<0.05).The time of fever,dyspnea,disappearance of hypoxemia and hospitalization in the individualized group were shorter than those in the routine group(P<0.05).The distribution of patients'satisfaction in individualized group was significantly different from that in routine group(P<0.05),and the total satisfaction rate of the former was 96.67%,higher than that of 80.00%of the latter(P<0.05).Conclusion The individualized nursing based on the theory of hierarchy of needs can improve the survival rate,improve the psychological and cooperation situation,promote the disappearance of symptoms,accelerate the recovery,and improve the satisfaction of patients.

关 键 词：艾滋病 肺孢子菌肺炎 需求层次理论 个体化护理 

分 类 号：R4[医药卫生—临床医学]