基于水下声波映像法的桥梁基础抛石防护检测与评估  

Detection and evaluation of riprap countermeasure to bridge foundations based on an underwater sonic imaging method

作　　者：韩悦 周晗旭 袁刚烈 车爱兰[1] HAN Yue;ZHOU Hanxu;YUAN Ganglie;CHE Ailan(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean&Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第20期100-107,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1504504)。

摘　　要：位于水中的大桥桥墩基础会受到水流冲刷等不同形式的侵害,桥墩基础冲刷状态和加固效果评估需要快速有效的水下探测技术。水下声波映像法利用声发射激励震源,多点水声检波器同时采集弹性波信号,实现水域复杂环境快速探测。基于弹性波在复杂介质中的传播特性,提取采集剖面的弹性波波形数据,利用映像识别方法判断弹性波反射强度变化。采用数值模拟的手段模拟复杂介质中的弹性波传播特性,基于弹性波反射强弱和波形走时等映像特征识别抛石位置范围等信息。在此基础上,开展了桥梁基础抛石防护现场测试,结合多波束扫测及三维可视化方法得到了水下抛石空间分布。最后,测试结果与实际抛填量进行对比,验证了水下声波映像法的有效性。Bridge pier foundations in water areas are eroded by different forms such as water scouring,so fast and effective underwater detection technology is required for evaluating the erosion state of the pier foundation and the reinforcement effect.For the underwater sonic imaging method,acoustic emission was used to excite the seismic source,and elastic wave signals were collected simultaneously by a multi-point underwater acoustic detector,realizing rapid detection of complex water environment.Based on the propagation characteristics of elastic waves in the complex media,the elastic wave waveform data of the acquisition profile was extracted,and the change of elastic wave reflection intensity was judged by using the image recognition method.Firstly,the propagation characteristics of elastic waves in complex media were simulated using numerical simulation,and information such as the riprap position range was identified based on the image characteristics of elastic wave reflection strength and waveform travel time.Next,on this basis,on-site testing of riprap countermeasure to bridge foundation was carried out,and the underwater riprap spatial distribution was obtained by combining the multi-beam scanning and the three-dimensional visualization method.Finally,the test results were compared with the actual backfill amount,and the effectiveness of the underwater acoustic imaging method was verified.

关 键 词：桥梁基础抛石防护 水下声波映像法 映像识别 多波束扫测 三维可视化 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3