氮化铀(UN)粉末合成工艺分析  

Analysis of the Synthesis Process for Uranium Nitride Powder

作　　者：孙永菊 陈建伟[1] 梅华平[1] 刘静[1] 李桃生[1] 吴庆生[1] SUN Yongju;CHEN Jianwei;MEI Huaping;LIU Jing;LI Taosheng;WU Qingsheng(Key Laboratory of Neutronics and Radiation Safety,Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety Technology,Hefei Institute of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质研究院核能安全技术研究所,中子输运理论与辐射安全重点实验室,合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学,合肥230027

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第19期19036-19040,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1900601);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA22010504);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-KT-2019-1-0202)。

摘　　要：氮化铀(UN)核燃料具有铀原子密度高、熔点高、导热性好、耐辐照、良好的液态金属相容性等特点,被认为是小型模块化反应堆及事故容错燃料的重要候选燃料。相对氧化铀核燃料,氮化铀燃料合成工艺复杂,制造及保存难度高,并且其性能随着合成工艺不同而有所差异,进而影响其在反应堆的服役性能。本文主要介绍了碳热还原氮化路线、金属氮化路线、铀氟铵化合物氮化路线、溶胶-凝胶法4种氮化铀合成工艺,并对各方法的原理、研究现状、优缺点等进行了分析,以期为氮化铀合成工艺发展提供参考。With the characteristics of high density of uranium atoms,good thermal conductivity,radiation resistance and good compatibility with liquid metal coolants,uranium nitride(UN,Uranium mono-nitride)has been chosen as a candidate for small modular reactor and the accident-tolerant fuel.The performance of UN fuel varies with the synthesis process,which in turn affects its performance in reactors.Compared with oxide nuclear fuel,the synthesis of uranium nitride fuel is complicated and the chemical property is lively,that’s why it is so difficult to manufacture and preserve.In this paper,the principles,research status,advantages and disadvantages of 4 uranium nitride synthesis processes such as carbothermal reduction nitridation,metal nitridation,uranium fluoride ammonium nitridation and sol-gel chemistry are summarized and analyzed to propose the development trend of UN synthesis processes.

关 键 词：氮化铀 核燃料 小型模块化反应堆 事故容错燃料 合成工艺 

分 类 号：TB321[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]