(超)疏水水泥基材料的研究进展  

Progress of(Super)Hydrophobic Cement-based Materials

作　　者：田雷 邱流潮[1] TIAN Lei;QIU Liuchao(College of Water Resources&Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第19期19070-19080,共11页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11772351);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0406604,2018YFC0406806)。

摘　　要：以混凝土和砂浆为代表的水泥基材料凭借其硬化后优异的力学性能和耐久性能被广泛应用于工程领域。然而,水泥基材料的多孔性和亲水性致使其在使用过程中很容易受到外界水和侵蚀离子的加速破坏,尤其是在潮湿、临海、寒冷地区,严重影响了其结构的耐久性和使用寿命。(超)疏水水泥基材料是通过对常规水泥基材料进行表面或整体(超)疏水改性制成的新型建筑材料,与常规水泥基材料相比,其具有更好的疏水性、抗渗性、抗冻性和抗氯离子侵蚀性,在一些特殊工程领域具有非常好的应用前景。因此,针对(超)疏水水泥基材料的研究引起了国内外学者越来越多的关注。近年来,国内外学者针对(超)疏水水泥基材料进行了大量科学研究并取得了非常丰硕的研究成果,这为(超)疏水水泥基材料的工程应用提供了重要参考。本文将对近年来国内外针对(超)疏水水泥基材料的最新研究成果进行综合介绍,其中重点包括以下几个方面:(1)现有的表面润湿模型,包括Young氏模型、Wenzel模型和Cassie-Baxter模型;(2)水泥基材料(超)疏水改性方式,包括表面改性和整体改性,并对比了改性方式对水泥基材料润湿特性的影响;(3)(超)疏水表面改性和整体改性对水泥基材料力学性能的影响规律;(4)(超)疏水表面改性和整体改性对水泥基材料耐久性的影响效果。最后对(超)疏水水泥基材料的研究结论进行了归纳总结并对研究前景进行了展望,以期能够为开发性能优异、经济环保的(超)疏水水泥基材料提供借鉴与参考。Cement-based materials,such as concrete and cement mortar,have been widely used in the construction industry due to their excellent mechanical properties and durability.However,the cement-based materials are prone to damage by the external water and ions corrosion because of their porosity and hydrophilicity,especially in the humid,seaside,and cold areas,thereby deteriorating their structural durability.In order to overcome these drawbacks,(super)hydrophobic cement-based materials have been developed by means of surface or integral(super)hydrophobic modification of conventional cement-based materials.The(super)hydrophobic cement-based materials have several advantages over the conventional ones,such as the hydrophobicity,impermeability,frost resistance and chloride corrosion resistance.Thus,it has attracted more and more attention from experts and scholars worldwide.In recent years,scientists worldwide have conducted extensive investigations of(super)hydrophobic cement-based materials and a lot of research results have been achieved,which promoting the engineering application of(super)hydrophobic cement-based materials.This study aims to present a comprehensively review on the latest advancements of(super)hydrophobic cement-based materials,and the paper is orga-nized as follows:(1)surface wetting models,including Young’s model,Wenzel model and Cassie-Baxter model;(2)(super)hydrophobic modification methods of cement-based materials,including surface and integral modification.The effects of different modification methods on the wetting characteristics of cement-based materials are compared;(3)the effect of surface and integral(super)hydrophobic modification on the mechanical properties of cement-based materials;(4)the effect of surface and integral(super)hydrophobic modification on the durability of cement-based materials.Finally,the conclusions are summarized and the future research directions are proposed.

关 键 词：超疏水性水泥基材料 疏水性水泥基材料 润湿模型 力学性能 抗渗性 抗冻性 抗氯离子侵蚀性 耐久性 

分 类 号：TV43[水利工程—水工结构工程]