基于等离子体技术改性纺织材料的研究进展  

Research Progress in Modification of Textiles Materials by Plasma Technology

作　　者：陈方春 张同华[1] 徐梦婷 李智[1] CHEN Fangchun;ZHANG Tonghua;XU Mengting;LI Zhi(College of Textile and Apparel,Southwest University,Chongqing 400700,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学纺织服装学院,重庆400700

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第19期19204-19213,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：重庆市基础科学与前沿技术研究项目(cstc2017jcyjAX0087);2019年重庆市留创计划创新类资助项目(cx2019090);中央高校基本科研业务费重点项目(XDJK2018B015)。

摘　　要：改性可改善纺织材料性能或赋予其新的性能。改性方法主要包括生物改性法、化学改性法和物理改性法。等离子体技术是物理改性法中的典型技术,主要基于电离产生的等离子体来实现各种改性目的。近年来,等离子体技术已成为一个非常活跃、发展迅速的研究领域,在纺织材料的表面改性中占有重要地位。相对于其他改性方法而言,等离子体技术具有化学药品使用少、污染小、可操作性强等优势。通过等离子体在材料表面的作用可实现材料改性而不影响材料的内部结构。基于等离子体技术处理纺织材料的研究主要集中在以下四个方面:(1)清洁效果;(2)改变表面形态;(3)引入自由基;(4)等离子体聚合。低温等离子体对材料的损伤较小,是目前纺织材料改性中应用较广泛的等离子体技术。通过等离子体技术的刻蚀活化、自由基改性、聚合覆膜三种途径可提升纺织材料的润湿性、耐摩擦性、生物相容性及可染色性能,还能赋予纺织材料抗菌、自清洁以及自修复等功能,从而提升纺织品的应用价值,拓展其应用范围。本文简述了等离子体技术的分类,总结了当前等离子体技术的发展现状,重点综述了等离子体技术在纺织材料领域的应用,详细阐述了基于等离子体技术对纺织纤维、织物和纤维膜进行改性的研究进展。最后,基于以上综述结果,对等离子体技术在纺织材料领域的研究前景进行了展望。Modification is to improve the inherent properties of textile materials or endow them with new properties.The methods for modification mainly include biological modification,chemical modification and physical modification.Plasma technology is a typical technology of physical modification,which is mainly based on plasma generated by ionization to achieve various modification purposes.In recent years,plasma technology has become a very active and rapidly developing research field,and it plays an important role in the surface modification of textile materials.Compared with other modification methods,the plasma technology has better maneuverability with less chemicals and pollution.The plasma perform modification on the surface of materials instead of affecting their internal structure.The researches on the modification of textile materials based on plasma technology mainly focuses on these four aspects:(1)cleaning effect;(2)surface morphology modification;(3)the introduction of free radicals;(4)plasma polymerization.Low temperature plasma is a widely used plasma technology for modifying textile materials since it has minimum negative effect on modified materials.The plasma technology improves wettability,friction resistance,biocompatibility and dyeability of textile materials through plasma etching activation,free radical modification and polymer coating.Moreover,it can endow the textile materials with antibacterial property,self-cleaning effect and even self-healing functions,so as to enhance the application value of textiles and expand its application scope.This paper briefly introduces the classifications of plasma technology and summarizes the development of plasma technology.And this particularly focuses on the application of plasma technology in textile materials and elaborates the research progress on the modification of textile fiber,fabric and fibrous membrane relating to plasma technology in detail.Finally,based on this review,the research prospects of plasma technology for textile material modification ar

关 键 词：等离子体技术 改性 纺织纤维 织物 

分 类 号：TS195.15[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]