上海室内外降尘磁学空间变化特征  

Magnetic Spatial Variation Characteristics of Indoor and Outdoor Dustfall in Shanghai

作　　者：王冠[1] 王阳阳 马丽娟 辛倩 李玉茜 黄竞钢 刘汉杰 WANG Guan;WANG Yangyang;MA Lijuan;XIN Qian;LI Yuxi;HUANG Jinggang;LIU Hanjie(School of Environment and Architecture University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海200093

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2021年第5期53-66,共14页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41001331,41874077);上海市自然科学基金资助项目(15ZR1428700)。

摘　　要：采用磁学方法分析上海市室内外降尘样品的磁学参数在不同功能区和不同行政区的变化特征,探讨影响室内外降尘磁学性质的影响因素。研究结果表明:上海市大气降尘污染有自然和人为2种影响因素;室内外降尘样品的磁性特征均受磁铁矿控制,主要以假单畴和多畴颗粒为主;低频磁化率在功能区上呈现出工业区(553.464×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)>交通区(484.302×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)>商业区(443.216×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)>居住区(320.849×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)>清洁区(269×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)的空间变化趋势,在行政区上整体呈现出宝山区(558.104×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)、杨浦区(464.263×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)的磁化率偏高,崇明区(218.673×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)、奉贤区(218.868×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)、松江区(218.689×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)磁化率较低。室内外降尘的低频磁化率(χlf)、饱和等温剩磁(SIRM)和非磁滞剩磁磁化率(χARM)的相关系数分别为0.777、0.504、0.547,有较好的正相关关系,表明室内外降尘来源很可能存在一定的趋同性。对比分析不同磁学参数,可以更好地反映降尘污染状况。研究发现χlf、SIRM和χARM可以作为上海市大气降尘磁性特征的有效参考指标。在不同行政区大气降尘磁化率和PM 10浓度表现出相似的空间变化趋势。降尘样品的磁学参数测量速度快,方便用于监测城市空气污染的状况,在一定程度上可以对空气污染指数有一定的指代作用。The variation characteristics of magnetic parameters of indoor and outdoor dustfall samples in different functional areas and administrative areas of Shanghai were analyzed by magnetic method.The influencing factors of indoor and outdoor dustfall magnetic properties were discussed.The results showed that there were natural and man-made factors affecting the atmospheric dustfall pollution in Shanghai.The magnetic characteristics of indoor and outdoor dustfall samples were controlled by magnetite,and the main magnetic grain sizes were pseudo single domain(PSD)and multi domain particles(MD).In the functional area,the magnetic susceptibility demonstrated:industrial areas(553.464×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)>traffic area(484.302×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)>commercial area(443.216×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)>residential area(320.849×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)>clean area(269×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg).In the administrative region,the magnetic susceptibility of Baoshan District(558.104×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)and Yangpu District(464.263×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)was higher than that of Chongming District(218.673×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg),Fengxian District(218.868×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg)and Songjiang District(218.689×10^(-8) m^(3)/kg).The correlation coefficients of indoor and outdoorχlf,SIRM andχARM were 0.777,0.504 and 0.547 respectively,which had a good positive correlation,indicating that there was a certain convergence of indoor and outdoor dustfall sources.The comparative analysis of different magnetic parameters can better reflect the dustfall pollution.Research found thatχlf,SIRM andχARM can be used as an effective reference index for the magnetic characteristics of atmospheric dustfall in Shanghai.In different administrative regions,the concentrations ofχlf and PM 10 showed similar spatial variation.The measurement speed of the magnetic parameters of the dustfall samples is fast,which can be used to monitor the urban air pollution.To a certain extent,it can be used as an indicator of air pollution index.

关 键 词：环境磁学 大气降尘 上海市 室内外对比 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]