道德直觉合乎道义却不客观  

Moral intuition is moral but not objective

作　　者：袁晓劲 刘昌 YUAN Xiaojing;LIU Chang(School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210024,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2021年第11期2083-2090,共8页Advances in Psychological Science

摘　　要：面对道德困境,道德直觉倾向于促使人们做出道义论的判断。但是,道德直觉易受情绪因素影响,具有较强的主观性。道德直觉警惕有意图地使用个人力量造成的伤害,却会接受由非个人力量或连带作用引发的伤害。“模块近视假说”认为,大脑中存在一个预警系统,能快速地对主动伤害的想法发出情绪警报。但该系统的审查机制是一种简单的“单通道”加工,这种加工局限使连带作用造成的伤害避开了审查机制的监控。道德直觉的不客观提示,面对现实生活中的道德争议,不应该仅听凭直觉作为行动的依据。Previous studies have shown that certain moral intuitions prompt people to make deontological judgments.However,moral intuition,dominated by emotional factors,is relatively subjective.Highlights intentional harm through personal power,moral intuition ignores harm caused by non-personal forces and side effects.The Modular Myopia Hypothesis states a cognitive subsystem present in the human brain,monitoring an individual’s planned behavior and releasing emotional alerts when it detects a harmful event in an action plan.But this inspector is a relatively simple,“single-channel”system that cannot monitor multiple causal chains simultaneously and fails to identify harmful side effects.The subjectivity of moral intuition suggests that in the face of moral disputes in real life,people should not rely on intuition as the sole basis for decisions and actions.

关 键 词：道德困境 道德直觉 情绪 模块近视假说 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]