适合杏鲍菇菌渣栽培的草菇品种筛选  

Selection of Volvariella volvacea Varieties Cultivated Using Pleurotus eryngii Residue Chaff

作　　者：吴振强 WU Zhen-qiang(Zhangzhou Institute of Agricultural Science,Zhangzhou 363005,China)

机构地区：[1]漳州市农业科学研究所,福建漳州363005

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2021年第9期22-26,共5页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：福建省科技厅项目(2018N0201);国家食用菌产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-20)。

摘　　要：以10个草菇菌株为材料,比较其在杏鲍菇菌渣基质上菌丝生长情况、子实体产量、农艺性状等方面指标。结果表明,供试菌株在杏鲍菇菌渣基质上均可生长,但有一定差异。表现最好的菌株为V1296,菌丝萌发速度快,长势强,现蕾时间短(9 d),菌丝萌发至出菇时间短(12 d);菌膜厚度一般,较易开伞,子实体中等大小,椭圆形,子实体顶部灰黑色,底部灰色,温度高时子实体偏白;平均单菇重22.289 g,产量达3.959 kg·m^(-2),生物学效率为13.19%。其次为菌株V1295,菌丝生长速度慢,长势一般,但现蕾时间最短(8 d),以菌丝萌发至出菇时间最短(11 d);菌膜厚,不易开伞,子实体中等大小,椭圆形,子实体顶部灰黑色,底部灰色;平均单菇重22.15 g,产量达3.961 kg·m^(-2),生物学效率为13.2%。上海草菇菌丝生长速度一般,菌膜厚(0.238 cm),不易开伞,子实体大;平均单菇重为33.667 g。综合菌丝生长速度、产量、生物学效率、商品性状等指标,适合杏鲍菇菌渣栽培的草菇菌株为V1295、V1296。In this study, the mycelial growth, fruit body yield and agronomic characters of 10 Volvariella volvacea strains cultured on Pleurotus eryngii chaff were compared and studied. The results showed that the tested strains could grow on P. eryngii chaff substrate, but there were some differences. The best was strain V1296. The mycelial germination speed was fast, the growth was strong, the budding time(9 d) and the time from mycelial germinating to fruiting were short(12 d), the thickness of the velum was general, and the pileus was easy to open. And the fruit body was medium-sized and oval, the top of the fruit body was gray black and the bottom was gray. When the temperature was high, the fruit body was white. The average weight of single fruit body was 22.289 g, the yield was 3.959 kg·m^(-2), and the biological efficiency was 13.19%. Second was strain V1295, which showed that the mycelium growth rate was slow and the growth was average, the budding time was the shortest(8 d), the time from mycelial germinating to fruiting was the shortest(11 d), the velum was thick, the pileus was not easy to open. The fruit body was mediumsized and oval, the top of fruit body was gray black, and the bottom was gray. The average weight of single fruit body was 22.15 g,the yield was 3.961 kg·m^(-2), and the biological efficiency was 13.2%. The results showed that the fruit body of Shanghai V.volvacea was large, the average weight of single mushroom was 33.667 g, the thickness of mycelium was 0.238 cm. The pileus was not easy to open, and the growth rate of mycelium was average. According to the mycelial growth rate, yield, biological efficiency and commercial characters, the suitable strains for P. eryngii chaff cultivation were V1295 and V1296.

关 键 词：草菇 品种 杏鲍菇菌渣 

分 类 号：S646.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]