澳大利亚竞技游泳优秀人才培养模式探究  

Exploration on the Cultivation Mode of Competitive Swimming in Australia

作　　者：沈国琴 李建设[2] 顾耀东[3] 赵奕旸 SHEN Guo-qin;LI Jian-she;GU Yao-dong;ZHAO Yi-yang(Department of Sports and Military Education, Zhejiang University of Water resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou 310018, China;Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;Institute of Physical Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江水利水电学院体育与军事教育部,浙江杭州310018 [2]宁波大学大健康研究院,浙江宁波315211 [3]宁波大学体育学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《浙江体育科学》2021年第6期80-85,共6页Zhejiang Sport Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(16BTY085)。

摘　　要：澳大利亚竞技游泳人才的培养模式是“学校和俱乐部”的二元模式,培养体系是分年龄的“选材”阶段、“专业”阶段和“投资”阶段的三级培养体系,既满足了各学段儿童青少年的文化教育,又保证了高水平的竞技训练。澳大利亚竞技游泳长盛不衰得益于高水平的教练员团队,教练员基本是生理生化和生物力学行家,四个不同级别教练员均经积累足够学分以达到更高执教资格。澳大利亚竞技游泳成功的重要经验之一是“教练员—运动员”亦师亦友的关系,运动员与教练员的良好沟通,对运动员运动能力、心理状态、运动生涯乃至退役后走向社会都产生积极影响。The main body of Australian competitive swimming talent cultivation is school and club,as well as"sampling,""specializing,"and"investment"three phases,which both satisfy the cultural education and the high level of competitive training for each study period of child and adolescent.Australian competitive swimming has remains on the glory trail for long years because it has benefited from a high-level coach group.Training is required at the corresponding level to accumulate enough credits,to ensure four levels coaches are experts in physiology,biochemistry and biomechanics.One of the essential experience of successful Australian competitive swimming is that coaches are like teachers and friends for athletes.Good communication between athletes and coaches will positively impact athletes’sport ability,mental state,sports career,and integration into society after their retirement.

关 键 词：竞技游泳 优秀人才 培养模式 澳大利亚 

分 类 号：G806.1[文化科学—运动人体科学]