狭窄血管内适形贴壁支架的结构设计及生物力学性能的数值分析  

Structural design and biomechanical numerical analysis of body-fitted stent in stenotic vessels

作　　者：柳思聪 张晗冰 李晓[1,2] 刘宁 乔爱科[1,2] LIUSicong;ZHANG Hanbing;LI Xiao;LIU Ning;QIAO Aike(Department of Biomedical Engineering,Faculty of Environment and Life,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,P.R.China;Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Translation,Beijing International Base for Scientific and Technological Cooperation,Beijing 100124,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与生命学部生物医学工程系,北京100124 [2]智能化生理测量与临床转化北京市国际科研合作基地,北京100124

出　　处：《生物医学工程学杂志》2021年第5期858-868,共11页Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12172018);北京市教委-市自然科学基金联合项目(KZ202110005004)。

摘　　要：为解决血管内支架存在的贴壁不良问题,探讨狭窄血管内适形贴壁支架结构的设计方法,并建立一种较为客观的支架贴壁性能评判方法,模拟分析适形贴壁支架在不同钙化程度狭窄血管中的贴壁性能。利用三维计算机辅助设计软件SolidWorks分别构建传统管网状支架模型以及在此基础上用三维映射算法设计的适形贴壁支架模型;使用有限元分析软件Abaqus软件分别模拟2种支架在未完全钙化斑块及完全钙化斑块模型中的压握—扩张—回弹过程,提出综合考虑间隔距离、未接触面积分数和残留体积这三方面的贴壁性能评判方法。从间隔距离来看,在未完全钙化斑块模型和完全钙化斑块模型中,适形贴壁支架比传统支架的间隔距离分别减小了21.5%和22.0%,未接触面积分数分别减小了11.3%和11.1%,适形贴壁支架的残留体积分别减小了93.1%和92.5%。适形贴壁支架比传统支架具有更好的贴壁性,其效果在未完全钙化斑块及完全钙化斑块模型中均可体现,所建立的支架贴壁性能评判方法考虑了更多的几何因素,评价结果更为全面、客观。To solve the problem of stent malapposition of intravascular stents, explore the design method of intravascular body-fitted stent structure and to establish an objective apposition evaluation method, the support and apposition performance of body-fitted stent in the stenotic vessels with different degrees of calcified plaque were simulated and analyzed. The traditional tube-mesh-like stent model was constructed by using computational aided design tool SolidWorks, and based on this model, the body-fitted stent model was designed by means of projection algorithm. Abaqus was used to simulate the crimping-expansion-recoil process of the two stents in the stenotic vessel with incompletely calcified plaque and completely calcified plaque respectively. A comprehensive method for apposition evaluation was proposed considering three aspects such as separation distance, fraction of non-contact area and residual volume.Compared with the traditional stent, the separation distances of the body-fitted stent in the incompletely calcified plaque model and the completely calcified plaque model were decreased by 21.5% and 22.0% respectively, the fractions of noncontact areas were decreased by 11.3% and 11.1% respectively, and the residual volumes were decreased by 93.1% and92.5% respectively. The body-fitted stent improved the apposition performance and was effective in both incompletely and completely calcified plaque models. The established apposition performance evaluation method of stent considered more geometric factors, and the results were more comprehensive and objective.

关 键 词：动脉狭窄 血管内支架 支架贴壁不良 数值模拟 生物力学 

分 类 号：R318.1[医药卫生—生物医学工程] R318.01[医药卫生—基础医学]