基于衰弱指数评估的老年住院患者衰弱现状及其影响因素  

Frailty status and the influencing factors in elderly inpatients based on frailty index

作　　者：赵杰 吴珍珍[3] 芦鸿雁[2] 袁萍[2] 何秀梅[2] 冯向侃 张晓娜 李鑫丹 ZHAO Jie;WU Zhenzhen;LU Hongyan;YUAN Ping;HE Xiumei;FENG Xiangkan;ZHANG Xiaona;LI Xindan(Nursing School of Ningxia Medical Univercity,Yinchuan,750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学护理学院,宁夏银川市750004 [2]宁夏医科大学总医院 [3]南方医科大学南方医院

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2021年第21期3161-3166,共6页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：2021年宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(编号:2021BEG03116)。

摘　　要：目的调查老年住院患者发生衰弱的现状并分析其影响因素。方法选取2019年11月—2020年7月在宁夏某三甲综合医院住院的462例老年患者为调查对象,使用一般资料调查表、衰弱指数(FI)及日常生活能力(ADL)评分进行调查。结果462例患者中,141例发生衰弱,发生率为30.52%,321例患者无衰弱发生,占69.48%。单因素分析结果显示,性别、年龄、文化程度、口服药种类、过去一年住院情况、过去一年急诊治疗情况、慢性病种类、健康自评状况、ADL评分与老年住院患者衰弱有关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归结果显示,健康自评状况、慢性病种类数、性别、ADL评分是老年住院患者衰弱的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论老年住院患者衰弱发生率较高,健康自评情况差、慢性病种类多、ADL评分低的老年女性住院患者发生衰弱危险性相对较高,应早期预防或减缓衰弱的发生与进展。Objective To investigate the present situation of frailty in elderly inpatients and analyze the influencing factors.Methods From November 2019 to July 2020,462 elderly patients hospitalized in a third class a general hospital in Ningxia were selected as the study subjects.General data questionnaire,fateful index(FI)and daily living ability(ADL)score were applied to operate the research.Results Among 462 patients,141 patients Dccured frailty,the oceurance rate is 30.52%and 321 patients didnt occured frailty and the portion is 69.48%.Univariate analysis showed that gender,age,education level,type of oral medication,hospitalization in the past year,emergency treatment in the past year,type of chronic diseases,health self-assessment status and ADL score were related to fattening of elderly inpatients(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression results showed that health self-assessment status,types of chronic diseases,gender and ADL score were the main influencing factors for frailty of elderly hospitalized patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of frailty is high in elderly inpatients,and the risk of frailty is high in elderly female inpatients with poor self-assessment of health,multiple chronic diseases and low ADL score,so as to prevent or slow down the occurrence and progression of frailty in early stage.

关 键 词：衰弱 老年住院患者 衰弱指数 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]