2009—2019年重庆市涪陵区15岁以下人群流感病原学监测结果分析  

Etiological surveillance of influenza in children under 15 years old in Fuling District of Chongqing, 2009—2019

作　　者：刘榆[1] 康晓丽[1] 杨德明[1] 向于 周义芬[1] 封雷[1] LIU Yu;KANG Xiao-li;YANG De-ming;XIANG Yu;ZHOU Yi-fen;FENG Lei(Chongqing Fuling District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 408000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]重庆市涪陵区疾病预防控制中心,重庆408000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第19期3475-3478,3492,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：重庆市涪陵区2019年度农业与社会事业科技项目(FLKJ,2019ABB2044)。

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市涪陵区2009—2019年15岁以下人群流感病原学的流行趋势及特征,为今后的流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法分析2009—2019年涪陵区流感网络监测实验室获得的15岁以下人群流感样病例(Influenza-like illness, ILI)监测结果。结果女性ILI病毒分离阳性率(14.53%)和男性阳性率(13.74%)无统计学意义(X2=0.98,P>0.05);初中生阳性率最高(23.94%),其次是小学生(19.69%)、幼儿园儿童(17.10%),散居儿童最低(7.64%),差异有统计学意义(X2=238.82,P<0.05);各学龄段儿童之间流感病毒类型构成差异有统计学意义(X2=40.71,P<0.05);ILI病毒检测阳性率的季节规律呈单、双峰交替出现,2010年、2014年、2015年流行高峰出现在夏季,其余年份流行高峰均在冬春季;主要病原学类型为季H3(36.63%)、B型Victoria系(28.60%)、新甲H1(27.98%)、B型Yamagata系(6.44%),流感病毒阳性率与ILI病例数变化趋势相关(rs=0.312,P<0.05);ILI发病后采样时间、采样后送检时间对标本阳性率有显著影响。结论涪陵区15岁以下人群流感流行处于上升趋势,流行高峰时间处于动态变化,近年来主要在冬春季;初中生和小学生ILI病毒检测阳性率高于学龄前儿童,提示冬春季要加强中小学校学生流感防控工作。Objective To analyze the epidemic trend and characteristics of influenza etiology among people under 15 years old in Fuling District from 2009 to 2019, and to provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control measures. Methods The information and test results of Influenza-like illness(ILI) about children under 15 years old from Fuling District Influenza Network Surveillance Laboratory from 2009 to 2019 were analyzed. Results The positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid of female(14.53%) was higher than that of male(13.74%), but the difference was not statistically significant(X2=0.98, P>0.05). The positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid of junior high school students was the highest(23.94%), followed by primary school students(19.69%), kindergarten children(17.10%) and scattered children(7.64%), and the difference of positive rate(X2=238.82, P<0.05) and composition of influenza virus types(X2=40.71, P<0.05) among children of different school periods was significant. The epidemic features of ILI positive rate appeared as single peak and double peak alternately. The epidemic peak of 2010, 2014 and 2015 appeared in summer, and that of other years appeared in winter and spring. The predominant influenza virus strained from 2009 to 2019 were seasonal H3(36.63%), influenza B Victoria(28.60%), influenza A H1(27.98%) and influenza B Yamagata(6.44%), and the positive rate of influenza virus was correlated with the change of ILI(rs=0.312, P<0.05). The sampling time interval after ILI onset and the time interval after sampling had significant effects on the positive rate of influenza virus isolation. Conclusion The prevalence of influenza in children under 15 years old in Fuling District is on the rise, and the peak time of the epidemic is in a dynamic change, mainly in winter and spring in recent years. The positive rates of ILI about middle school and primary school students are higher than that of preschool children. It is suggested that the prevention and control of influenza should be strengthene

关 键 词：病毒检测阳性率 流感 流感样病例 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]