渤海湾盆地底辟构造变形特征及成因机制分析  

Analysis of Deformation Characteristics and Genetic Mechanism of Diapir in Bohai Bay Basin

作　　者：刘明明 马宝军 申方乐 龙鹏宇 刘马钊 LIU Ming-ming;MA Bao-jun;SHEN Fang-le;LONG Peng-yu;LIU Ma-zhao(Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031,China;Huaxin College of Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050700,China)

机构地区：[1]河北地质大学地球科学学院,河北石家庄050031 [2]河北地质大学华信学院,河北石家庄050700

出　　处：《河北地质大学学报》2021年第5期10-15,共6页Journal of Hebei Geo University

基　　金：省级、校级教改项目(2020GJJG589、2020J03);省级研究生示范课程(冀教研〔2020〕11号、KCJSX2021092)。

摘　　要：渤海湾盆地多个构造带发育有底辟构造,对油气成藏有重要影响。由于盆地新生代演化有多种构造作用叠加改造,导致底辟构造的变形特征和控制机理较为复杂。针对渤海湾盆地不同构造单元发育的底辟构造的几何学变形特征运用构造解析与地震地质剖面精细解释的方法对其进行构造样式总结,并结合地震地质资料了解在区域和局部应力场的作用下底辟构造的形成机制。研究结果表明:(1)渤海湾盆地发育盐底辟和泥底辟两种类型底辟构造。盐底辟主要分布在东濮凹陷、东营凹陷与莱州湾凹陷,表现为盐拱张背斜、盐滚、盐—泥拱张构造、刺穿型盐鼻状构造与整合盐枕构造等;泥底辟主要集中在辽东湾坳陷,主要表现为刺穿型拱张构造样式。(2)已发现的底辟构造均主要分布在断裂附近,表明基底断裂活动是伸展盆内底辟构造的重要控制因素。另外断裂拉张活动造成的上覆层差异压实、断裂走滑压扭活动产生的局部挤压等也是盆地内底辟构造发育的重要动力。Diapir structures are developed in several tectonic belts in Bohai Bay Basin,which have important influence on hydrocarbon accumulation.The deformation characteristics and control mechanism of the diapir structure are complicated due to the superimposed transformation of various tectonic processes in the Cenozoic evolution of the basin.Based on the geometric deformation characteristics of the diapirs developed in different tectonic units in the Bohai Bay Basin,this paper summarizes the structural styles of the diapirs by means of structural analysis and fine interpretation of seismogeological profile,and combined with seismogeological data to understand the formation mechanism of the diapirs under the action of regional and local stress fields.The results show that:(1)salt diapirs and mud diapirs are two types of diapirs in Bohai Bay Basin.Salt diapirs are mainly distributed in Dongpu depression,Dongying depression and Laizhouwan depression.Salt arch tensional anticline,salt roll,salt-mud arch tensional structure,pierced salt nose structure and integrated salt pillow structure,etc.The mud diapirs are mainly concentrated in the Liaodong Bay depression and are mainly manifested in the piercing arch tensional structure style.(2)The discovered diapirs are mainly distributed near faults,indicating that basement faulting is an important controlling factor of diapir structure in extensional basin.In addition,the differential compaction of the overburden caused by the fault tension activities and the local compression caused by the fault strike-slip compression-torsion activities are also important driving forces for the development of diapirs in the basin.

关 键 词：渤海湾盆地 底辟构造 盐构造 泥底辟 断裂活动 成因机制 

分 类 号：P548[天文地球—构造地质学]