夏热冬冷地区屋顶绿化全年能耗削减及成本效益  

Annual Energy Effects and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Green Roofs in A Hot-Summer-Cold-Winter Climate

作　　者：何云菲 彭立华 杨小山[1] 冯宁叶 HE Yun-fei;PENG Li-hua;YANG Xiao-shan;FENG Ning-ye(Laboratory of Green Building and Eco-city,School of Architecture,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学建筑学院绿色建筑与生态城市实验室,江苏南京211816

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2021年第9期2253-2263,共11页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871189)。

摘　　要：绿化屋顶的降温节能效益已有诸多文献报导,但专门针对夏热冬冷地区不同屋顶绿化模式的全年能耗模拟研究并不多见。以南京为例,采用EnergyPlus模型分析粗放、半密集、密集3类典型屋顶绿化的全年建筑能耗削减效应及季节规律,基于降温节能价值开展成本效益分析。结果表明,屋顶绿化能够通过蒸散与隔离作用调节建筑屋顶表面温度,夏季以降温为主,最大降温幅度为29.3℃,冬季以保温为主,最高升温幅度为13℃。夏冬两季屋顶表面温度的降低/升高分别引起建筑制冷/热负荷的削减:粗放、半密集、密集3种绿化屋顶夏季制冷负荷削减率分别为-0.4%、2%和2.4%,冬季制热负荷分别降低16.5%、23.1%和28.3%,全年建筑能耗削减率为1.9%、4.9%和5.9%,其中,顶层能耗削减占削减总量的11%~71%。成本效益分析结果表明,密集型屋顶绿化的财务净现值最大、投资回报率最高,但3类绿化屋顶在40年生命周期内均无法通过能耗削减效益收回投资成本。研究结果可为同气候区屋顶绿化设计与推广提供参考。It is widely reported that green roof can lower building surface temperature and cut building energy consumption.However,few studies have explored the annual energy effects of typical green-roof types in hot-summer-and-cold-winter areas.Taking Nanjing as an example,this research investigated the annual energy performance of three green roofs,extensive,semi-intensive and intensive,using the building energy simulation software EnergyPlus.Based on the simulation results,a cost-benefit analysis was performed for the three green roofs.The results suggest that green roofs can regulate roof surface temperature through the evapotranspiration and thermal insulation processes,which are characterized by a cooling effect in summer and a dominant warming effect in winter.The summer cooling intensity can reach 29.3℃,and the maximum winter warming intensity is 13℃.The reduction/increase of roof surface temperature in summer and winter respectively lead to the decrease of building cooling/heating loads.The summer cooling load of the extensive,semi-intensive and intensive green roofs can be reduced by-0.4%,2%and 2.4%,respectively.The winter heating load of the three green roofs can be reduced by 16.5%,23.1%and 28.3%,respectively.As a result,the annual energy-saving rates are 1.9%,4.9%and 5.9%for the three green roofs,with the top floors accounting for 11.1%-71%of the total savings.The cost-benefit analysis reveals that the intensive green roof has the highest net present value and the shortest payback period,but none of the three green roofs can recover the investment cost through the energy-saving benefits during their 40-year life cycle.The above findings may contribute to roof-greening and low-carbon practices for cities in similar climate zones as Nanjing.

关 键 词：气候变化 城市热岛 城市绿地 生态服务功能 

分 类 号：TU985.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]