以大熊猫为代表的多物种廊道有效性评估——以拖乌山大熊猫廊道为例  

Evaluation of the effectiveness of multispecies corridors surrogated by the giant panda——case of the giant panda corridor in Tuowushan

作　　者：李敏 古晓东 戴强[1] 何流洋 杨旭煜 杨志松[2,6] LI Min;GU Xiaodong;DAI Qiang;HE Liuyang;YANG Xuyu;YANG Zhisong(Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;College of Life Science,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,China;Sichuan Administrative Bureau of Giant Panda National Park,Chengdu 610041;Shimian Administration Bureau of Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve,Shimian 625400,China;Sichuan Station of Wildlife Survey and Management,Chengdu 610081,China;Sichuan Giant Panda Research Institute,Chengdu 610081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]西华师范大学生命科学学院,南充637002 [3]大熊猫国家公园四川管理局,成都610041 [4]四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区石棉管理处,石棉625400 [5]四川省野生动物资源调查保护管理站,成都610081 [6]四川省大熊猫研究院,成都610081

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2021年第4期855-859,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31772481)资助。

摘　　要：大熊猫作为旗舰种和伞护种,以其为代表开展保护活动能在保护大熊猫的同时保护其同域物种.与大熊猫一样,大熊猫同域物种也面临着栖息地破碎化而导致的隔离问题,因而需要建立廊道连通被隔离的种群.目前全国已经规划了多条大熊猫廊道,为评估大熊猫廊道能否缓解其他同域物种栖息地破碎化问题,探索以大熊猫为代表的多物种廊道规划方法,以已经规划的拖乌山大熊猫廊道为例,分析4种同域物种(豹猫、中华鬣羚、毛冠鹿和小熊猫)的廊道需求与大熊猫廊道的关系,探讨多物种廊道的规划方案.结果表明,研究区域4种同域物种的栖息地均存在不同程度的破碎化,而108国道和G5高速是造成栖息地破碎化的最大隔离因子.共识别出32条廊道需求,其中豹猫2条、中华鬣羚9条、毛冠鹿10条、小熊猫11条,而大熊猫廊道仅与中华鬣羚的1条廊道重叠,各同域物种之间廊道的重叠范围也较小.可见,以大熊猫廊道为基础规划的多物种廊道只能满足少数物种的部分廊道需求;因此在实际保护工作中,不能简单地以大熊猫廊道代替其他物种的廊道.As the giant panda has been identified as a flagship and umbrella species, it is believed that corridors surrogated by the giant panda might simultaneously protect sympatric species. Similar to giant pandas, sympatric species also face the challenge of isolation caused by the fragmentation of their habitats. Therefore, it is necessary to establish corridors that connect isolated habitats. Currently, many giant panda corridors have been proposed across the country. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of these corridors in alleviating habitat fragmentation and explore methods to plan multispecies corridors surrogated by giant pandas. The proposed giant panda corridor in Tuowushan is referenced to analyze the relationships between the demands for corridors across four sympatric species(i.e., the leopard cat, the Chinese serow, tufted deer, and red panda) and the giant panda and discuss the scheme for a multispecies corridor. The results showed that the habitats of the four sympatric species were fragmented to varying degrees, and that National Highway 108 and Expressway G5 were the biggest isolation factors causing habitat fragmentation. In this study, a total of 32 corridor demands were identified, including 2 for leopard cats, 9 for the Chinese serow, 10 for tufted deer, and 11 for red pandas. However, only one corridor, that of the Chinese serow, overlapped with that of the giant panda, and the overlap ranges of the corridors for sympatric species were quite small. It is suggested that corridors for giant pandas are far from sufficient for sympatric species.

关 键 词：大熊猫 旗舰种 拖乌山 多物种廊道 

分 类 号：S863[农业科学—野生动物驯养]