微波辅助下硝酸铋选择性硝化对氯甲苯  

Microwave Assisted Selective Nitration of P-chlorotoluene by Bismuth Nitrate

作　　者：许玉芳[1] 董燕斌 郁晨阳 董雄辎 XU Yu-fang;DONG Yan-bin;YU Chen-yang;DONG Xiong-zi(Department of Pharmacy,Anhui Medical College,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hefei Normal University,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China;Lihai Chemical Co.Ltd.,Lianyungang Industrial Investment Group,Lianyungang,Jiangsu 222001,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医学高等专科学校药学系,安徽合肥230601 [2]合肥师范学院化学与化学工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [3]连云港市工投集团利海化工有限公司,江苏连云港222001 [4]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《南宁师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期76-80,共5页Journal of Nanning Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2017A696);2021年合肥师范学院研究生导师专项科研项目(DSKY14)。

摘　　要：在微波辅助下,以五水硝酸铋为硝化试剂进行对氯甲苯硝化反应选择性研究,对反应产物进行了核磁共振氢谱表征,同时讨论了溶剂、催化剂及其用量、五水硝酸铋用量等对反应的影响,优化条件下,硝基对氯甲苯的产率为70.6%,4-氯-2-硝基甲苯的选择性为64.5%。通过计算两种硝化反应产物中间体的能量解释了反应的选择性。Microwave assisted nitration of p-chlorotoluene was studied with pentahydrate bismuth nitrate as nitration reagent.The reaction products were characterized by 1 H NMR.The effects of solvent,dosage of catalyst and pentahydrate bismuth nitrate on the reaction were discussed.Under the optimized conditions,the yield of nitro-p-chlorotoluene was 70.6%and the selectivity of 4-chloro-2-nitrotoluene was 64.5%.This selectivity was explained by calculating the energy of the intermediates of the two nitration products.

关 键 词：硝酸铋 对氯甲苯 硝化 选择性 

分 类 号：O657.7[理学—分析化学] O625.6[理学—化学]