油梨花粉形态观察和花粉生活力的测定  

Observation on Pollen Morphology and Determination of Pollen Viability of Avocado

作　　者：罗立娜 韩树全 卢加举 王晓敏[1] 贺尔齐 周玉飞 Luo Li'na;Han Shuquan;Lu Jiaju;Wang Xiaomin;He Erqi;Zhou Yufei(Institute of Subtropical Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xingyi,562400)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院亚热带作物研究所,兴义562400

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第19期6545-6550,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2268号);“两江一河”热作专项子项(2020-09)共同资助。

摘　　要：为筛选适合检测油梨花粉生活力的方法,本研究以‘哈斯’‘富尔特’‘桂研10号’为材料,采用形态观测法、联苯胺染色法和蓝墨水染色法对油梨的花粉生活力进行了测定。结果表明,在显微镜下观察,油梨花粉粒均呈现圆形,颜色呈黄色或淡黄色。采用形态观测法发现油梨的花粉生活力在78.32%~86.44%之间,联苯胺染色法测定油梨的花粉生活力在62.76%~72.08%之间,以上两种方法均测得‘哈斯’的花粉生活力较高。采用蓝墨水染色法测不同油梨品种花粉生活力均低于20%,不适用于油梨花粉生活力的测定。因此,形态观测法是一种较适合快速判断花粉生活力的方法,为油梨的授粉、花粉贮藏、杂交育种等工作提供了理论依据。In order to select suitable methods to det ect the pollen viability of avocado, this study used ’Haas’,’Fuerte’ and ’Guiyan10’ as materials, and used morphological observation method, benzidine staining method and blue ink staining method to determine the pollen viability of avocado. The results showed that the pollen grains were round and yellow or light yellow under microscope. The pollen viability of avocado was 78.32%~86.44% by morphological observation method, and 62.76% ~72.08% by benzidine staining method. The pollen viability of’Haas’ was higher by both the above two methods. The blue ink staining method was not suitable for the determination of pollen viability of different pear cultivars, which was lower than 20%. Therefore, morphological observation method is a more suitable method to quickly judge pollen viability, which provides a theoretical basis for the pollination, pollen storage, cross breeding and other work of avocado.

关 键 词：油梨 花粉生活力 形态测定法 联苯胺染色法 蓝墨水染色法 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]