离心式压缩机齿轮断裂原因分析与预防措施  

Cause Analysis and Preventive Measures for Fracture of Centrifugal Compressor Gear

作　　者：郑博士 马小明[1] 郑志军[1] 闫莉丹 Zheng Boshi;Ma Xiaoming;Zheng Zhijun

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510640

出　　处：《机械制造》2021年第10期26-30,共5页Machinery

摘　　要：某离心式压缩机在运行过程中发生齿轮断裂故障。通过断口宏观和微观形貌观察、化学成分分析、显微组织观察、力学性能试验等,分析了离心式压缩机齿轮断裂的原因。分析结果表明,离心式压缩机齿轮发生齿根弯曲疲劳断裂失效,在交变应力的作用下,齿根过渡圆角处产生微裂纹。通过金相组织检验,发现微观组织存在严重带状偏析回火托氏体及大小不均的晶粒,加速了疲劳裂纹的扩展。针对这一离心式压缩机齿轮断裂故障,提出预防措施,建议优化齿轮结构设计,严格控制齿轮的热处理和成型加工工艺,并且加强日常维护与运行检修。A certain centrifugal compressor had gear fracture during operation.Through macroscopic and microscopic morphology observation of the fracture,chemical composition analysis,microstructure observation,mechanical performance test,etc.,the cause for the fracture of the centrifugal compressor gear was analyzed.The analytic results show that the gear of centrifugal compressor failed due to the bending fatigue fracture of the tooth root.Under the action of alternating stress,microcrack was generated at the transition fillet of the tooth root.Through the metallurgical structure examination,it was found that the microstructure had severe band segregation and tempered troostite and grains of uneven size,which accelerated the growth of fatigue crack.In view of this centrifugal compressor gear fracture fault,preventive measures were proposed.It was suggested to optimize the gear structure design,strictly control the heat treatment and forming process of the gear,and strengthen daily maintenance and operating maintenance.

关 键 词：压缩机 齿轮 断裂 预防措施 

分 类 号：TH452[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]