近代中国中央统计机关的发展与政府统计工作的推进  

The Evolution of Central Statistical Organization and the Development of Modern Chinese Official Statistics

作　　者：关永强[1] 赵雪莹 Guan Yongqiang;Zhao Xueying(Institute of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;Tianjin Hedong Ecology and Environment Bureau,Tianjin 300171,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院,300071 [2]天津市河东区生态环境局,300171

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2021年第4期63-75,共13页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“新古典经济学数学化的知识社会学考察研究(1930-1960)”(16BJL014)的研究成果;全国中国特色社会主义政治经济学研究中心;南开大学文科发展基金项目支持

摘　　要：近代中国的中央统计机关和政府统计体系建设始于1907年成立的清末宪政编查馆统计局,经过北洋政府和南京政府初期的起伏和停顿,直到1931年国民政府主计处统计局成立后,才真正建立起一套从中央到地方完整的机构体系和具备较好专业素质的工作队伍,相关法规和工作规范也日趋成熟,并在此基础上形成了一批较高质量的统计调查成果,为我们从事近代中国经济研究留下了重要的资料。本文较全面地梳理了近代中国中央统计机关的发展历程及其对政府统计机构体系、人员管理、制度规章和主要工作实践的推进情况,以期能够深化我们对近代政府统计数据及其产生背景的认识,提升我们征引和修正近代统计数据的能力。While China probably has the longest history of government statistics in the world,the central statistical organization and modern Chinese official statistics system had not been formulated until the establishment of the Statistical Bureau of the Constitutional Compilation Ministry in late Qing(1907).After the backslide in organization system and suspension in regulation construction during the Warlord and the early Nationalist Era,modern Chinese official statistics and investigation system finally achieved accelerated development with the establishment of the Directorate General of Budget,Accounting and Statistics(DGBAS)in 1931.Under the leadership of the DGBAS,a national wide statistics and survey organization system from central to local government and a high performing team of thousands of professional statisticians came into being,together with the statistical laws and regulations gradually becoming mature.This paper tries to make a comprehensive review of above evolution,thus providing an institutional background of the official statis-tical and survey data produced during the early 20th century China,and improving our ability to use and revise these historical data.

关 键 词：近代统计 政府统计 近代调查 主计处统计局 

分 类 号：C829[社会学—统计学]